| HS Code | 681533 |
| Appearance | Milky white liquid |
| Solid Content | 55 ± 1% |
| Viscosity | 3000-8000 mPa·s (Brookfield, 25°C) |
| Ph | 5.0-7.0 |
| Density | 1.05-1.10 g/cm³ |
| Particle Size | 0.2-0.5 μm |
| Glass Transition Temperature Tg | 5-15 °C |
| Minimum Film Forming Temperature Mfft | 0-5 °C |
| Film Appearance | Transparent, flexible film |
| Dry Bond Strength | ≥ 10 MPa (hardwood) |
| Wet Bond Strength | ≥ 5 MPa (water soak test) |
| Freeze Thaw Stability | Stable for 5 cycles |
| Shelf Life | 6 months (below 30°C) |
As an accredited VAc-Acrylate Emulsion for Woodworking Adhesives factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in 200 kg drums, this VAc-acrylate emulsion offers excellent adhesion and water resistance for woodworking adhesive formulations. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Load 20′ FCL with VAc-acrylate emulsion in drums or IBCs, secure tightly, protect from freezing and contamination. |
| Shipping | The VAc-Acrylate Emulsion is shipped in sealed drums, totes, or ISO tanks, depending on volume. Protect from freezing and direct sunlight during transit. Use dry, ventilated containers. Keep temperatures between 5–35°C to maintain stability. Standard non-hazardous chemical handling procedures apply. |
| Storage | Store in tightly sealed, original containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Avoid direct sunlight, extreme heat, and freezing. Ideal storage temperature is 5–35°C. Keep away from incompatible materials and ignition sources. Stir gently before use. Shelf life is typically 6–12 months under proper conditions. |
| Shelf Life | Store in original containers at 5–35°C, protect from freezing; shelf life is 12 months from manufacture date. |
In flat lamination of 0.6–1.2 mm high-pressure laminate onto 16–18 mm E1-grade MDF or particleboard, the VAc-acrylate emulsion is compounded as the continuous binder phase at 62–78 wt% of the mixed adhesive, with calcium carbonate filler at 12–20 wt%, polyvinyl alcohol protective colloid at 3–6 wt%, and the balance deionized water, defoamer, and biocide. Wet adhesive is applied through a 1200 mm-wide roller coater at a dry coat weight of 55–75 g/m²; panel assembly is completed within an open time of 6–12 min, and consolidation takes place in a multi-daylight hot press at 0.6–1.1 N/mm² and 85–105 °C for 90–180 s. Compliance for interior laminated panel stock is assessed under EN 204:2016 Class D2 using lap-shear specimens prepared and tested according to EN 205:2016; because the emulsion system contributes no added formaldehyde, the finished panel remains capable of meeting TSCA Title VI emission limits when the core board is already compliant. On production-scale lines, roll-coater pickup drift of ±3 g/m² over a 4 h pot life is observed when the filler slurry is not buffered; addition of sodium bicarbonate at 0.1–0.2 wt% stabilizes pH and viscosity. The adhesive must not be frozen, and minimum film formation temperature is between 3 °C and 7 °C, so application is limited to substrate and ambient temperatures above 8 °C. Finished product types include kitchen cabinet side panels, office desktops, and wardrobe shelves.
On short-cycle laminating lines bonding 60–120 g/m² resin-impregnated decorative foils to 8–18 mm MDF, the VAc-acrylate emulsion is compounded at 52–65 wt% binder, 4–10 wt% plasticizer-free coalescent, 10–18 wt% calcium carbonate filler, and 0.2–0.8 wt% polyurethane thickener to hold Brookfield viscosity at 3,000–5,500 mPa·s at 20 °C. The adhesive is roller-coated at 45–70 g/m² dry weight, dried to residual moisture between 3% and 5%, and pressed at 140–180 °C under 0.6–1.2 N/mm² for 8–20 s. The upper process speed is limited by two competing failure modes: residual moisture above 5% at press temperatures above 170 °C forms steam blisters beneath the foil, while over-drying below 2% leaves insufficient flow for wetting micro-roughness on the MDF surface. Compliance is verified with EN 311:2002 surface soundness testing of coated wood-based panels and EN 204:2016 Class D2 bond classification for interior furniture components. Operators on flatbed short-cycle presses typically set infrared pre-heating between 100 °C and 130 °C before entering the hot press, which narrows the moisture tolerance window and requires closed-loop exhaust humidity monitoring in the drying tunnel. Finished product types include laminated furniture fronts, drawer bases, and wardrobe back panels.
Face-grade decorative veneer sheets for veneered MDF doors are joined edge-to-edge with a VAc-acrylate emulsion compounded to a shear-thinning profile at 58–68 wt% binder, 2–4 wt% plasticizer or internal flexibilizer, 5–10 wt% mineral filler, and 0.1–0.3 wt% associative thickener to achieve a Brookfield RVT viscosity of 8,000–14,000 mPa·s at 20 °C. The compound is applied to veneer edges by a rotary contact applicator at 35–50 g/m², then the veneer leaves are joined in a steam-heated splice press at 110–125 °C for 45–90 s under 0.4–0.8 N/mm². Compliance for secondary bonding of decorative veneer is assessed under ASTM D5751-99(2019) for nonstructural laminate joints and EN 205:2016 tensile-shear testing after EN 204:2016 Class D2 conditioning. Relative humidity above 75% during veneer storage increases equilibrium moisture content and can extend press time by 10–20 s because water must be driven from the glue line before final bond strength develops; veneer stacks are therefore conditioned to 8–12% moisture content prior to splicing. Finished product types are face-grade spliced veneer leaves, veneer-backed MDF door skins, and decorative surface laminates.
Furniture assembly bonding of solid beech, oak, or rubberwood components with dowel, tenon, and tongue-and-groove joints uses a VAc-acrylate emulsion formulated at 58–72 wt% binder, 3–5 wt% PVOH colloid, 8–15 wt% calcium carbonate or kaolin filler, and 0.5–1.5 wt% plasticizer-free coalescent to extend open time to 10–18 min at 20 °C and 55–65% RH. The mixed adhesive is applied to dowel holes or tenon cheeks by pneumatic piston applicator at 60–90 g/m²; components are clamped in hydraulic case clamps at 0.3–0.8 N/mm² for 20–40 min, or transferred to high-frequency presses operating at 13.56 MHz where fixture time for a 40 mm-thick beech assembly drops to 2–5 min. Water-resistance classification for furniture not exposed to exterior weather is EN 204:2016 Class D2 or D3, verified by EN 205:2016 lap-shear specimens. This thermoplastic chemistry must not be substituted for load-bearing structural grades such as PRF or EPI, and long-term creep resistance under sustained load is not claimed. Because the emulsion is anionic, combination with cationic additives or low-pH hardeners below 2.5 causes coagulation and must be avoided on automatic mixing lines. Finished products include chairs, tables, cabinet frames, and solid wood bed rails.
| Bonding stage | Governing standard / test method | Typical classification or test condition |
|---|---|---|
| Flat HPL-to-MDF lamination | EN 204:2016; EN 205:2016 | Class D2; lap-shear after 7 d at 20 °C/65% RH |
| Short-cycle foil lamination | EN 311:2002; EN 204:2016 | Surface soundness by pull-off; interior Class D2 conditioning |
| Veneer splicing | ASTM D5751-99(2019); EN 205:2016 | Nonstructural laminate joints; lap-shear at 20 °C |
| Furniture assembly | EN 204:2016; EN 205:2016 | Class D2 or D3; lap-shear after 7 d conditioning |
| Finger jointing | ASTM D5572-95(2019); ASTM D905-08(2021) | Nonstructural interior; compression-shear specimen |
| Profile wrapping | EN 204:2016; EN 14257:2006 | Class D2; heat resistance at 80 °C for 30 min |
In nonstructural finger-jointed pine blanks for primed interior mouldings, a fast-setting VAc-acrylate emulsion is compounded at 65–78 wt% binder with 8–15 wt% wheat flour or starch filler and 1–3 wt% polyvinyl alcohol, then fortified with 3–6 parts by weight polyisocyanate hardener per 100 parts adhesive immediately before application to raise water resistance from D2 toward D3; the pot life of the hardened mix is limited to 30–60 min at 20 °C. The adhesive is applied to machined finger profiles at 80–120 g/m² by toothed-roller coater, and the joints are assembled in vertical finger-jointing machines with hydraulic end pressure of 2–4 N/mm² for 1–3 s. Compliance for interior millwork is evaluated under ASTM D5572-95(2019) for finger joints in nonstructural lumber products, with tensile shear strength checked by ASTM D905-08(2021). Finished product types are finger-jointed boards, door stiles, and primed architectural trim.
For profile-wrapped MDF door frames and furniture rails, the VAc-acrylate emulsion is applied as a heat-reactivatable primer at 52–65 wt% binder, 5–12 wt% tackifier dispersion, 10–15 wt% filler, and 0.5–2.0 wt% polyurethane thickener to achieve 2,500–4,500 mPa·s Brookfield viscosity at 20 °C; the film is dried in a hot-air tunnel at 80–110 °C to moisture content below 4%, then reactivated by infrared heaters at 160–190 °C immediately before the paper or veneer wrap is pressed onto the MDF profile by contoured nip rollers at 0.2–0.6 MPa. Production lines running at 10–40 m/min observe edge-lift defects when heater output drops below the reactivation threshold, while temperatures above 200 °C cause paper scorch and thermal degradation of the adhesive; published data for this specific configuration is limited, so the operating window must be validated with closed-loop infrared pyrometer profiling on each profile geometry. Compliance for wrapped interior profiles is assessed under EN 204:2016 Class D2 or EN 14257:2006 heat-resistance testing according to end use; the compound must not be diluted below the specified solids content with hard water above 300 ppm calcium carbonate equivalent because ionic destabilization can form micro-grit in the coating. Finished product types are wrapped picture frames, door casings, and furniture edge profiles.
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VAc-Acrylate Emulsion WA-320 is supplied as an anionic, surfactant-stabilized aqueous copolymer dispersion in which vinyl acetate is copolymerized with butyl acrylate and stabilized with a polyvinyl alcohol protective colloid. The grade is intended for woodworking adhesives requiring classification D3 durability under EN 204:2016. Representative production batch data give a solids content of 53 ± 1% by ISO 3251, a pH of 4.0–5.0 by ISO 976, a Brookfield RVT viscosity of 8,000–12,000 mPa·s at 20 rpm and 25 °C by ISO 2555, a minimum film-forming temperature of 3 °C by ISO 2115, a mean particle size of 0.6–0.8 µm by ISO 22412, and a density of 1.07–1.09 g/cm³ by ISO 2811. Residual vinyl acetate monomer is controlled below 500 ppm by ISO 13741. The dispersion dries to a translucent film and can be formulated with calcium carbonate, polyvinyl alcohol, citrate plasticizers, defoamers, preservatives, and polyisocyanate crosslinkers. Compared with PVAc homopolymer dispersions, the acrylate repeat units lower linear crystallinity, reduce plasticizer demand, and improve wet-shear retention after cold-water immersion while retaining dry adhesion to beech, ash, and maple.
| Parameter | Test method | Specified value |
|---|---|---|
| Solids content | ISO 3251 | 53 ± 1% by weight |
| Brookfield RVT viscosity at 20 rpm, 25 °C | ISO 2555 | 8,000–12,000 mPa·s |
| pH at 25 °C | ISO 976 | 4.0–5.0 |
| Minimum film-forming temperature | ISO 2115 | ≤ 5 °C |
| Mean particle size | ISO 22412 | 0.6–0.8 µm |
| Density at 20 °C | ISO 2811 | 1.07–1.09 g/cm³ |
| Residual vinyl acetate monomer | ISO 13741 | < 500 ppm |
| Shelf life at 5–35 °C | Internal stability | 6 months in unopened containers |
Viscosity is shear-thinning rather than Newtonian: spindle 4 at 2 rpm can read 18,000–24,000 mPa·s, while spindle 4 at 20 rpm reads 8,000–12,000 mPa·s. This difference is important for pump selection and roller-coater transfer. Incoming lot release includes a beech lap-shear control test according to EN 205:2016 after 4 days cold-water immersion. Accepted lots must not deviate from the control lot by more than 0.5 N/mm². The wet-shear screen is more sensitive to protective colloid drift and acrylate distribution than solids content alone, because dry tensile shear values can remain above 10.0 N/mm² even when wet adhesion has moved below the D3 threshold.
Durability classification under EN 204:2016 is assigned from lap-shear strength on conditioned beech specimens according to EN 205:2016. A D3 adhesive must show dry tensile shear strength of at least 10.0 N/mm² and wet strength of at least 2.0 N/mm² after 4 days immersion in cold water at approximately 20 °C. A D4 adhesive must show dry tensile shear strength of at least 10.0 N/mm² and wet strength of at least 4.0 N/mm² after 6 h immersion in boiling water followed by 2 h in cold water. The boiling-water sequence combines hydrolytic attack on vinyl acetate repeat units, plasticization of the wood interface, and thermal softening of the polymer; it is therefore more discriminating than a cold-water soak.
Increasing butyl acrylate mass fraction from 10% to 20% of total monomer lowers the copolymer glass transition from approximately 12 °C to 0 °C. Wet-shear after the boil cycle generally declines as acrylate content rises, even though dry strength remains high. Published data for this specific configuration are limited, so the following gradient should be treated as indicative rather than universal. A formulation at 55% solids without hardener can pass the dry test but fail the boiling-water sequence because the acrylic copolymer remains thermoplastic above its heat-distortion range. Addition of 3–5 wt% of a polyisocyanate hardener based on wet dispersion creates urea and urethane linkages at the wood-adhesive interface and raises D4 wet shear above 4.0 N/mm². At 5 wt% hardener and 25 °C, pot life is approximately 30–40 min; at 3 wt%, pot life extends to approximately 60–75 min. The viscosity rise is nonlinear: a formulation at 11,000 mPa·s may remain below 14,000 mPa·s for the first 20 min and then exceed 25,000 mPa·s in the following 20 min. Carbon dioxide generation from the water-isocyanate reaction can create microfoam if high-shear mixing continues beyond pot life; roller or nozzle application should stop when mix temperature exceeds 30 °C or visible viscosity striations appear.
Relative to PVAc homopolymer grades, WA-320 shows the largest performance separation after the D3 cold-water soak: homopolymer-based controls frequently fall below 1.0 N/mm², while WA-320 formulations at 53% solids and no hardener typically retain 2.5–4.0 N/mm². Relative to polyurethane dispersions, WA-320 has lower heat creep resistance: crosslinked films tested under 0.1 N/mm² at 80 °C fail between 45 min and 90 min, whereas polyurethane dispersions of similar solids can remain stable beyond 240 min. VAc-ethylene emulsions may wet low-energy substrates more rapidly, but WA-320 provides a harder final film and better sandability after cure.
On high-speed edge-gluing lines using slotted roller coaters, WA-320 at 9,000–11,000 mPa·s has sufficient shear thinning to maintain transfer uniformity at 30 m/min; viscosity drift above 15,000 mPa·s after filler addition produces ribbing on beech and oak. Production batches are therefore adjusted after filler addition to a Brookfield viscosity of 9,000–11,000 mPa·s at 20 rpm and a cone-and-plate high-shear viscosity below 1,800 mPa·s at 10,000 s⁻¹ to avoid nip starvation. Application weight is typically 120–150 g/m² for beech at 8% moisture content, giving an open time of 6–9 min at 20 °C and 65% relative humidity; at 30 °C and 45% relative humidity, open time shortens to 3–4 min. Cold pressing for 10–15 min at 0.7–1.0 N/mm² and 20–25 °C yields sufficient handling strength for crosscutting after 24 h. High-frequency curing at 27.12 MHz reduces press time to 90–120 s on oak staves, but formulations containing more than 1 wt% sodium chloride or calcium chloride should be avoided because ionic strength accelerates electrode corrosion and can cause localized hot spots.
Filler addition to 10–30 phr on dispersion mass raises Brookfield viscosity from approximately 8,500 mPa·s to 13,000–15,000 mPa·s but does not proportionally raise high-shear viscosity. Filler loading above 30 phr reduces wet shear strength after the D3 soak and increases cutting-tool wear in downstream machining. Defoamer dose of 0.1–0.3 wt% is sufficient to suppress foam in high-speed mixing; excess defoamer above 0.5 wt% forms surface craters in roller-applied films. Water dilution should be limited to 5% by weight; dilution above 10% lowers dry film thickness and increases end-grain penetration, producing starved bond lines.
When a D4 exterior non-structural wood joint is converted from a polyurethane dispersion to WA-320, the substitution is limited to applications in which continuous service temperature remains below 60 °C and sustained creep load is not a design variable. WA-320 with 5 wt% isocyanate hardener can pass the D4 boil-cycle shear requirement of 4.0 N/mm², but its creep resistance at 80 °C and 0.1 N/mm² is lower than that of a crosslinked polyurethane dispersion. The adhesive should not be used in load-bearing or structural timber applications regulated by EN 15425, nor in exterior joists where failure could lead to structural collapse. It is appropriate for exterior window frames, door ledges, and non-structural laminated profiles when edge geometry and joint design limit moisture ingress.
Storage below 5 °C causes gel bodies that cannot be redispersed; freeze-thaw cycles produce irreversible coagulation. The dispersion should be stored in closed containers at 5–35 °C and applied only when substrate temperature and air temperature are above 10 °C to permit film formation. Wetted equipment should be stainless steel 316L, polypropylene, or high-density polyethylene. Unlined carbon steel and brass are incompatible with the acidic pH range. Amine-based additives and ammonia should not be used for pH adjustment because pH above 6.5 destabilizes the anionic dispersion and may precipitate the protective colloid. If a buffered thickener is required, an alkali-swellable acrylic thickener pre-neutralized to pH 5.5 or below is preferred.
Compared with PVAc homopolymer, the differentiation is wet strength and hydrolysis resistance. Compared with one-component polyurethane, WA-320 avoids moisture-cure storage constraints and has a defined open time, but its thermal and structural envelope is narrower. Compared with melamine-urea-formaldehyde or phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesives, WA-320 is not a thermosetting structural adhesive and does not meet the creep and heat-resistance requirements of EN 301. Published data for the use of WA-320 in structural configurations is limited. Continuous immersion in liquid water at 30 °C for more than 7 days is outside the validated durability boundary for D3-grade non-structural joints unless a D4 crosslinker is used and the joint is sealed.
