| HS Code | 777265 |
| Product Name | Resyn X-208 |
| Chemical Family | Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) synthetic resin |
| Physical Form | White to light yellow granules or pellets |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Taste | Tasteless |
| Solubility | Soluble in esters, ketones, and aromatic hydrocarbons; insoluble in water |
| Softening Point | Approximately 150-160°C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | Approximately 28-38°C |
| Molecular Weight | Medium molecular weight, number average roughly 30,000-50,000 |
| Viscosity | Brookfield viscosity of 35% solution in toluene is about 50-150 cP at 25°C |
| Specific Gravity | 1.15-1.20 at 25°C |
| Flash Point | Above 250°C |
| Refractive Index | Approximately 1.47 |
As an accredited Resyn X-208 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Resyn X-208 is supplied in 55-gallon drums, net 200 kg each, with secure lids for safe handling and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading of Resyn X-208: secure chemical drums/pallets, stable stacking, proper labeling, ventilation, and safe weight distribution. |
| Shipping | Resyn X-208 is typically shipped as a non-hazardous chemical in sealed drums, totes, or tankers. Containers must remain upright, secured, and protected from extreme heat or freezing. No special UN classification is required for standard ground transport. Always refer to the SDS for specific packaging, handling, and spill response guidance. |
| Storage | Store Resyn X-208 in tightly sealed, original containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, and ignition sources. Avoid moisture and extreme temperatures. Keep containers upright and inspect for damage. Always follow the manufacturer’s Safety Data Sheet for specific conditions and disposal guidance. |
| Shelf Life | Store unopened in original container at 70°F (21°C); shelf life is 12 months from manufacture date. |
In retort-resistant laminating ink formulations, Resyn X-208 is dissolved in a solvent blend of methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate at 35–40% non-volatile solids. Pigment concentrates are produced on a horizontal bead mill charged with 0.8–1.2 mm zirconia beads, using a pigment-to-binder ratio of 1:1 to 1.4:1 by weight for phthalocyanine green and titanium dioxide. The letdown stage incorporates the Resyn X-208 solution under slip-stream addition at a speed below 500 rpm to avoid air entrainment. Finished ink viscosity is held at 18–22 s on a DIN 53211 flow cup; rotational viscosity measured with a Brookfield LV at 12 rpm and 23 °C typically falls between 80 and 140 mPa·s when the ink is diluted to press-ready consistency. Solvent retention is controlled by gas chromatographic headspace analysis below 10 mg/m² for the printed layer from gravure or flexographic application.
Adhesion and retort resistance require that the ink film survive lamination to aluminium foil and subsequent steam retort at 121 °C for 40 min without delamination. Peel strength is evaluated according to ASTM F88/F88M on 15 mm strips; values below 2.5 N/15 mm indicate insufficient substrate wetting or retained solvent in the developed ink film. Compliance references include FDA 21 CFR 175.105 for laminating adhesives and EU Regulation 10/2011 for food contact, with overall migration limited to 10 mg/dm². The use of high-acid rosin esters in this system is limited to 8 phr; higher levels produce amine-neutralized viscosity drift and poor rewet on the gravure cylinder. Production-scale milling on a closed horizontal mill with a chamber volume of 50 L and cooling jacket at 30 °C is preferred to avoid thermal gelation during extended pigment dispersion.
Surface-print flexographic inks formulated with Resyn X-208 are reduced with a solvent mixture of n-propyl acetate, n-propanol, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether at a ratio of 70:20:10 by weight. This blend maintains solubility at 20–25% solids while preventing water blushing on treated polyethylene and polypropylene films treated to 38–42 mN/m as measured by DIN 55660 contact angle. A chambered doctor blade flexo press with 400–600 line/cm anilox and 0.12–0.15 mm polymer blade is set at 40–80 m/min; the drying hood is staged at 50/60/70 °C across three zones to avoid surface skinning before the film enters the nip. The printed film is conditioned at 23 °C and 50% relative humidity for 24 h before testing.
Block resistance is tested by stacking printed film at 1.0 kg/cm² and 40 °C for 24 h. Retained solvent measured by headspace gas chromatography should be below 5 mg/m² on polypropylene; above this level, residual n-propanol softens the film and drops dynamic coefficient of friction below 0.20 as measured by ISO 8295, leading to reel blocking. Print adhesion is assessed with ASTM D3359 tape pull; a classification of 3B or better is acceptable on non-porous films after surface treatment. The addition of 2–4 wt% fumed silica in the finished ink reduces blocking tendency but also lowers gloss measured by ISO 2813 at 60°, so the loading must be balanced against the required visual appearance.
When formulated as a heat-seal lacquer for aluminium lidding foil, Resyn X-208 is compounded at 25–30% solids in a binary solvent system of methyl ethyl ketone and toluene at 60:40 by weight. The lacquer is coated on 20–25 µm soft-annealed aluminium foil by reverse gravure using a 180–220 line/in engraved cylinder and a doctor blade angle of 30°. Coating speed is 100–140 m/min; the oven is zoned at 80/100/120 °C to limit retained solvent below 2 mg/m². Dry coat weight is controlled at 1.8–3.0 g/m²; below 1.5 g/m², pinhole defects produce seal strength below 4.0 N/15 mm and may expose the foil to aggressive filling liquids.
Seal initiation is evaluated on a laboratory heat sealer with flat PTFE-coated jaws at 0.35 MPa, 1.0 s dwell, and temperatures from 160 to 200 °C. The sealed foil is peeled from 250 µm PET sheet at 180° angle and 300 mm/min jaw speed per ASTM F88/F88M. Typical seal strength values fall between 6.0 and 9.0 N/15 mm when 5–10 phr of acetyl tributyl citrate is added to depress the minimum seal temperature. Migration testing follows FDA 21 CFR 175.300 and EU Regulation 10/2011; overall migration from the lacquer must remain below 10 mg/dm². Storage stability of the lacquer at 35 °C for 30 days is evaluated by rolling-ball viscosity; viscosity drift above 20% of initial value generally indicates ester solvent hydrolysis or water ingress through the packaging headspace.
Calendered rigid PVC sheet production uses 5–10 wt% Resyn X-208 as a polymer process aid in a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder with a 25:1 L/D barrel and vacuum vent at -0.08 MPa. The resin lowers melt viscosity and metal release force during calendering on a 4-roll L-type calender. Melt temperature is maintained at 170–190 °C; above 190 °C, the risk of melt fracture at the die exit increases. The calender roll surface temperature is set between 55 and 65 °C for the top roll and 60 and 70 °C for the bottom roll to achieve surface gloss above 85 gloss units measured per ISO 2813 at 60° geometry. Additions above 15 wt% reduce Vicat softening point to a level that may compromise dimensional stability under load at 50 °C; the Vicat test is conducted per ISO 306 method B50.
Cross-direction gauge variation is measured with a non-contact beta gauge after the take-off unit; variation greater than ±5% in a 1.5 mm sheet typically traces back to stock temperature drift rather than resin level. The melt is tested for thermal stability using a torque rheometer at 50 rpm and 180 °C; time to reach 1.0 N·m torque increase is used as a plant control limit. Use of Resyn X-208 with lead-based stabilizer systems is not recommended where calcium-zinc stabilizers are specified because esterification by-products can raise melt viscosity and reduce the processing window. The combination with high-molecular-weight acrylic processing aids must be rebalanced when Resyn X-208 exceeds 8 wt%, since both additives compete for the same shear-heating response in the calender bank.
For low-density polyether foam lamination, Resyn X-208 is dissolved in a solvent blend of acetone, ethyl acetate, and cyclohexane at 20–25% solids. The adhesive is applied to both foam surfaces by roller coater at 60–90 g/m² wet per side, followed by forced-air drying at 55 °C for 3–5 min. Open time before nip lamination is limited to 2–4 min; beyond this interval, surface tack drops below the level required for contact bonding. Nip pressure is held at 0.2–0.4 MPa with a roll shore hardness of 45–55 Shore A. Immediate green strength is measured by peel at 180° angle after 5 min; values of 0.7–1.2 N/mm are expected before full bond development over 24 h. Final peel strength per ASTM D903 falls between 2.5 and 4.0 N/mm when 10–15 phr of stabilized rosin ester is included. Heat resistance is limited to 60 °C unless 1–3 phr of aromatic polyisocyanate is added as a crosslinker; pot life then drops below 4 h at 23 °C. Avoid combination with amine-based anticaking additives, which cause rapid viscosity rise and gelled particles on the coating rolls.
For large furnishing foam laminates, fire performance is governed by FMVSS 302 or BS 5852 depending on the region; the adhesive layer is too thin to alter the classification but must not contain halogenated solvents above 0.1% by weight. Emission measurements per VDA 277 should remain below 100 µg C/g to avoid odour complaints in vehicle interiors. Production-scale adhesive batch mixing uses a top-entry dissolver with a 45° blade at 800–1200 rpm; prolonged mixing above 25 °C leads to solvent loss and increases viscosity beyond the 200–400 mPa·s range at 23 °C. The applied adhesive must be protected from relative humidity above 60% during open time, because moisture uptake produces a white blush line at the bond interface and reduces peel strength by up to 30% compared with dry-air bonding conditions.
In sheet-fed offset packaging, Resyn X-208 is employed as a low-migration overprint varnish at 25–30% solids in a mix of ethyl acetate and isopropanol. The varnish is applied by roller coater in-line at 3–5 g/m² dry coat weight on clay-coated SBS board. Drying is completed by IR plus hot-air at 80–90 °C for 2–3 s, followed by a chill roll set at 15 °C to prevent blocking during stack delivery. Block resistance is assessed after 24 h at 35 °C and 70% relative humidity under a 2.0 kg/cm² load; no offsetting is acceptable on the facing board surface. Gloss is measured per ISO 2813; values of 70–85 gloss units at 60° are achievable only with a smooth board substrate and a film weight above 3.5 g/m².
For indirect food-contact printed cartons, compliance is established under FDA 21 CFR 175.300, EU Regulation 10/2011, and for specific paper and board, BfR Recommendation XXXVI. Migration testing uses Tenax simulant at 40 °C for 10 days; the overall migration limit is 10 mg/dm². The varnish should not be formulated with amine-neutralized emulsion additives because pH drift above 8.5 produces haze and lowers film clarity on printed surfaces. Production records from sheet-fed lines show that viscosity drift above 20% of initial press viscosity is the most frequent cause of coat-weight variation and subsequent set-off failures, particularly when the press is run without automatic viscosity control on the coater dam.
Published migration data for this specific grade in every food-contact configuration is limited; the thresholds below are regulatory limits that must be verified on the production structure. The operative test matrix for the six downstream segments is as follows.
| Application segment | Primary standards | Critical processing or test condition |
|---|---|---|
| Retort-resistant laminating ink | FDA 21 CFR 175.105, EU Regulation 10/2011, ASTM F88/F88M | Retort 121 °C, 40 min; peel ≥2.5 N/15 mm |
| High-humidity flexographic surface print | DIN 55660, ISO 8295, ASTM D3359 | Film surface energy 38–42 mN/m; block load 1.0 kg/cm² at 40 °C |
| Heat-seal lacquer for lidding foil | FDA 21 CFR 175.300, EU Regulation 10/2011, ASTM F88/F88M | Seal 160–200 °C, 0.35 MPa, 1.0 s; OML ≤10 mg/dm² |
| Calendered rigid PVC process aid | ISO 306, ISO 2813, ISO 291 | Melt temperature 170–190 °C; addition 5–10 wt% |
| Foam-to-foam contact adhesive | ASTM D903, FMVSS 302, BS 5852, VDA 277 | Nip 0.2–0.4 MPa; open time 2–4 min |
| Offset overprint varnish | FDA 21 CFR 175.300, EU Regulation 10/2011, ISO 2813 | Dry coat weight 3–5 g/m²; Tenax 40 °C, 10 days |
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Resyn X-208 is supplied as a free-flowing bead resin identified in manufacturer documentation as a low-molecular-weight vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer. The nominal non-volatile content is reported as not less than 99.0 wt% when tested by gravimetric loss at 105 °C according to ASTM D4203-12. The product is formulated for solvent-borne flexible packaging coatings, gravure printing inks, and heat-seal lacquers. Because the producer has not published complete lot-specific rheological data for this exact grade, property values discussed below are drawn from the broader low-molecular-weight vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer class and are identified as comparative ranges rather than certificate-of-analysis values.
The molecular weight distribution is expected to be relatively narrow when measured by gel permeation chromatography against polystyrene calibration. Number-average molecular weight for this resin class is typically observed in the range of 20,000–30,000 g/mol, with weight-average molecular weight near 50,000–70,000 g/mol and a polydispersity index close to 2.0. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, and lot-to-lot variation in molecular weight influences both solution viscosity and heat-seal initiation temperature.
Solution preparation is typically conducted in methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl acetate, or n-propyl acetate. Rotational viscosity according to ASTM D2196-20 at 25 °C follows a logarithmic relationship with concentration above 20 wt%; below this level, polymer coil overlap is insufficient to generate a stable viscosity reading. Independent solubility work on vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers indicates that ketones interact favourably with the vinyl chloride segments, while acetate-dense domains show partial solubility parameter overlap with ester solvents. Toluene may be used as a diluent at levels up to approximately 20–30 wt% of the solvent blend, but the exact cloud point of Resyn X-208 has not been published. Formulations where aliphatic hydrocarbons exceed this fraction typically exhibit phase separation and resin precipitation, especially at ambient temperatures near 10 °C.
Solution rheology is shear-thinning at high solids. The power-law index n for a 35 wt% methyl ethyl ketone solution measured by cone-and-plate rheometry at 25 °C is generally between 0.75 and 0.95. At gravure press shear rates above 10,000 s⁻¹, the resin solution approaches Newtonian behaviour; therefore high-shear viscosity is more relevant than low-shear Brookfield readings for press transfer. This justifies the use of ASTM D4287-00(2023) for cone/plate viscosity when qualifying incoming resin.
High-solids gravure systems generally require a final viscosity between 18 s and 22 s on a DIN 4 cup at 25 °C. A 30 wt% solution of a low-molecular-weight vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer in ethyl acetate commonly falls within this window, although strain-rate history must be controlled because surface skinning in open dip pans shifts apparent viscosity by as much as 10–15% within 60 min. Closed-loop viscosity control with an automatic solvent feed is recommended for gravure press trials.
The glass transition temperature of this resin class is typically observed in the range of 60–70 °C when measured by differential scanning calorimetry under ISO 11357-2:2020 using a second heating ramp of 10 K/min. Resyn X-208 forms a continuous film only when sufficient solvent or external plasticiser remains to reduce the minimum film-forming temperature below the substrate surface temperature during forced-air drying. In unplasticised films, elongation at break is generally less than 5% under ASTM D638-14; flexibility is therefore controlled by the ratio of plasticiser to resin rather than by the polymer backbone alone.
Thermoplastic flow during heat sealing depends on molecular weight and shear history. Low-molecular-weight copolymers such as Resyn X-208 are expected to exhibit a lower heat-seal initiation temperature than higher-molecular-weight grades. Processors should verify seal onset with a heat-seal tester operated at 0.2 MPa pressure, 0.5 s dwell, and a stepwise temperature profile across 80–130 °C. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, and seal initiation is influenced by substrate surface energy, coat weight, and residual solvent concentration.
| Property | Method | Comparative range for low-Mw VC/VAc copolymers | Verification requirement |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glass transition temperature | ISO 11357-2:2020 | 60–70 °C | Lot certificate recommended |
| Non-volatile content | ASTM D4203-12 | 99.0 wt% minimum | Not sufficient for final release |
| Solution viscosity, 30 wt% in MEK, 25 °C | ASTM D2196-20 | 100–300 mPa·s | Control against supplier target |
| Acid number | ISO 2114:2000 | <1 mg KOH/g | Confirm per batch |
| Volatile content after drying 2 h | ISO 3251:2019 | <1.0 wt% | Critical for humidity exposure |
Substitution of a higher-molecular-weight vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer with Resyn X-208 reduces solution viscosity at identical solids, allowing the formulator to raise coating solids by approximately 15–25 absolute percentage points before reaching the same application viscosity under ASTM D2196-20. The trade-off is a measurable decrease in cohesive strength and solvent resistance. Under ASTM D5402-19, films derived from low-molecular-weight grades generally tolerate fewer methyl ethyl ketone double rubs than films of intermediate or high-molecular-weight resins at equivalent plasticiser loadings.
Specific adhesion to corona-treated polyethylene terephthalate film is usually comparable when the resin is dissolved in a ketone/ester blend and applied at 0.8–1.2 g/m² dry coat weight. However, ink cohesion and resistance to heat-scuffing are lower; converters may require an additional nitrocellulose or polyurethane extender to avoid smearing on high-speed slitting lines.
| Parameter | Resyn X-208 | Higher-Mw VC/VAc | Acrylic solution resin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solids at 1,000 mPa·s (ASTM D2196-20) | 45–55 wt% in ethyl acetate | 25–35 wt% | 35–45 wt% |
| Glass transition temperature (ISO 11357-2:2020) | 60–70 °C | 70–80 °C | 40–60 °C |
| MEK double rubs (ASTM D5402-19) | Lower than high-Mw VC/VAc | Higher | Moderate; polymer-dependent |
| Solvent release from 50 µm wet film at 80 °C | Fast | Slower | Moderate |
Production-scale gravure coating of pre-treated biaxially oriented polypropylene is performed on a multi-zone coater with web temperatures from 60 °C to 110 °C. A 30 wt% ethyl acetate solution of Resyn X-208 at a wet coat weight of 3.0 g/m² typically requires a 3 s residence time in the first drying zone to prevent blocking on the idler rollers. Monitoring of retained ethyl acetate by ISO 11890-2:2020 is recommended; retained solvent above 50 mg/m² in laminated structures increases the risk of odour and seal delamination. Initial line trials should include in-process gas chromatography at the exit of the final oven zone because published data for this exact product configuration is limited.
The drying window for Resyn X-208 is constrained by solvent release and thermal degradation. Vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers are susceptible to dehydrochlorination above 120 °C in the presence of iron or zinc salts; therefore oven air temperature should be staged with a maximum web surface temperature of 105 °C unless a stabiliser such as epoxidized soybean oil is present at 0.5–1.5 wt% based on resin solids. Acid number increases after thermal exposure are detectable under ISO 2114:2000 and correlate with yellowing measured by ASTM D1209-05 on a 25 wt% solution. The processing window narrows further when formulations contain nitrocellulose; at addition levels above 10 wt% of total binder, the system should be checked for viscosity drift during press circulation.
On a high-speed gravure line operating at 200 m/min, the practical upper limit on total solids is generally set by shear stability in the enclosed doctor chamber. If viscosity rises by more than 10% over 30 min at 40 °C, the ink should be diluted or reformulated. Addition of low-boiling esters reduces drying load but also shortens the open time in the engraved cells, causing plate plugging in process units with cylinder screen counts above 120 lines/cm.
Unplasticised films of Resyn X-208 are hard and solvent-sensitive; typical formulations incorporate 5–15 wt% di-2-ethylhexyl adipate or epoxidized soybean oil based on resin solids. Plasticiser effectiveness is determined by solubility parameter proximity, not merely by glass transition suppression. Migration of low-molecular-weight plasticiser into polypropylene substrates causes seal strength to decay over 30 days when stored at 40 °C, detectable by ASTM F88/F88M-21 as a reduction from initial values of 8–12 N/15 mm to below 5 N/15 mm. Use of polymeric plasticisers reduces migration but increases solution viscosity and requires reformulation to maintain high-speed coating solids.
Plasticiser exudation under high humidity is tested by visual inspection after 72 h at 40 °C and 90% RH; free plasticiser on the film surface interferes with heat-seal jaw release. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, but the resin class is known to require anti-blocking extenders when plasticiser loading exceeds 12 wt%.
The substrate substitution changes adhesion and barrier requirements. Resyn X-208 adheres to aluminium oxide coatings through polar acetate groups, but adhesion to metallised PET is more dependent on surface energy and corona treatment. Metallised film surface tension should be maintained above 38 mN/m measured according to ASTM D2578-17 or ISO 8296:2003. If dyne level falls below 36 mN/m, localised delamination in retort cycles at 121 °C becomes more likely, particularly when the coating is in direct contact with fatty food simulants.
In retort testing using ASTM F2251-13, the heat-seal region may show microbubble formation due to residual ethyl acetate. This is addressed by lowering the final oven temperature or adding 0.5–1.0 wt% of a high-boiling retarder such as isophorone. The addition shifts solvent balance toward the tail of the drying curve and narrows the workable line speed by 15–20%.
Resyn X-208 is usually milled with phthalo blue or carbon black at pigment-to-binder ratios between 0.5:1 and 1.2:1 on a three-roll mill. Dispersion stability depends on the presence of acetate groups acting as adsorption sites. Reformulation from nitrocellulose to Resyn X-208 reduces static electricity build-up in non-conductive films but also reduces solvent release; addition of 0.2 wt% fumed silica may be required to increase thixotropy if the ink is used in high-speed publication gravure. Colour strength measured by ISO 2834-2:2022 remains stable after 24 h if the pH is maintained below 7.0; basic amine dispersants accelerate dehydrochlorination and should be avoided.
Resin beads are hygroscopic under conditions of relative humidity above 60%. Moisture uptake during bulk storage can reach 0.2–0.5 wt% in ventilated silos after 48 h, although published data for this exact grade is limited. Surface water interferes with dissolution in ketones by promoting local gel-like viscosity increase and reduces the dielectric strength of coated films. Re-drying in a dehumidified hopper at 45 °C for 2 h is recommended when the moisture content exceeds 0.1 wt% by ISO 15512:2019. Direct steam tracing in storage should be avoided because vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers can partially dehydrochlorinate under prolonged exposure to high temperature and moisture.
Under current European chemical inventory requirements, Resyn X-208 is subject to REACH registration for the constituent monomers. The product does not contain intentionally added phthalate plasticisers; processors must nevertheless confirm the final article compliance to FDA 21 CFR 175.300 for food-contact coatings or EU Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004 for specific migration limits. The resin is not designed for medical-grade implant applications. No claim is made for compliance with USP Class VI without additional purification and monomer-fractionation data.
