| HS Code | 273165 |
| Ethylene Content | 32 mol% |
| Density | 1.19 g/cm³ |
| Melt Flow Rate | 3.2 g/10 min at 190°C, 2.16 kg |
| Melting Point | 183°C |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 62°C |
| Crystallization Temperature | 152°C |
| Tensile Strength At Break | 75 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 250% |
| Flexural Modulus | 2700 MPa |
| Oxygen Transmission Rate | 0.4 cm³·20 µm/(m²·day·atm) at 20°C, 65% RH |
| Water Vapor Transmission Rate | 3 g·20 µm/(m²·day) at 40°C, 90% RH |
As an accredited EVOH EVAL T101B factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Packaging: 25 kg net polyethylene valve bags, palletized and stretch-wrapped, containing EVOH EVAL T101B resin pellets. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | EVOH EVAL T101B is packed in 25kg bags on pallets, loaded into a 20′ FCL, secured and protected from moisture. |
| Shipping | EVOH EVAL T101B is a non-hazardous ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer resin supplied as dry pellets. Ship in sealed moisture-proof bags or containers to prevent water absorption. Store in a cool, dry area away from heat and humidity. No special dangerous-goods classification required, but protect from contamination and direct sunlight. |
| Storage | Store EVOH EVAL T101B in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and open flames. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid contact with strong oxidizers. Maintain stable temperatures, and follow first-in, first-out rotation to ensure optimal material performance and shelf life. |
| Shelf Life | EVOH EVAL T101B has a typical shelf life of 2–3 years when stored in a cool, dry, sealed container away from moisture and sunlight. |
Rigid ready-meal tray sheet manufactured from a PP/EVAL T101B/tie/PP structure is coextruded on equipment in which the EVOH extruder is a single-screw design with L/D 24:1 to L/D 30:1 and a decompression screw with a mixing tip. The resin is pre-dried in a desiccant dryer at 80–90°C to a residual moisture below 300 ppm, with supply-air dew point not above -40°C, because moisture above approximately 0.01 wt% hydrolyzes the copolymer during melting and produces bubble defects and gel particles. Extruder barrel temperatures are profiled from 180°C at the feed throat to 210–225°C at the die adapter; the melt temperature is held below 240°C to limit viscosity loss and acid-catalyzed decomposition. The T101B layer is typically 25–50 μm in a total sheet thickness of 500–900 μm, with maleic anhydride-grafted PP tie layers at 15–25 μm. Coextrusion through a feedblock and sheet die with 0.6–1.0 mm die gap is followed by a three-roll polishing stack at 70–90°C. Plug-assist thermoforming uses sheet surface temperatures of 150–165°C and mold temperatures of 30–60°C; local thinning at tray corners reduces the EVOH layer thickness by 25–40% and increases oxygen ingress at those points. Trim containing T101B is ground and incorporated into the PP outer layer at not more than 20 wt%; inclusion in the EVOH layer is not recommended because it raises melt pressure and creates gel specks. Layer thickness is verified by microtome cross-sections at 100× optical microscopy; a barrier-layer thickness variation above ±10% across the tray typically corresponds to measurable OTR non-uniformity. Oxygen transfer of the formed tray is measured according to ASTM D3985 at 23°C and 50% RH; unformed sheet with 50 μm T101B is capable of <0.1 cm³/(m²·day·atm) at 0% RH, but at 80% RH the value rises by one order of magnitude because moisture plasticizes the EVOH layer and increases free volume. Food contact conformity is evaluated under EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, including an overall migration limit of 10 mg/dm², and under FDA 21 CFR §177.1360 for the ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer. Terminal articles are refrigerated and frozen ready-meal trays, microwave bowls, and portion cups where oxygen ingress and aroma retention define shelf-life.
Seven-layer blown-film lines for meat vacuum pouches coextrude PE/tie/PA/EVAL T101B/PA/tie/PE with total film thickness of 50–120 μm and T101B layer thickness of 3–6 μm. The EVOH extruder is typically 50 mm in diameter with 24:1 L/D, delivering melt at 210–220°C; the die is a spiral mandrel or stack die with 200–400 mm diameter, die gap 1.2–2.0 mm, blow-up ratio 2.0–2.5, and frost line height set at 6–10 die diameters. Layer uniformity is limited by melt viscosity mismatch between PA6 and T101B; if interfacial instability occurs, barrier thickness variation exceeds ±20%, and the thinnest 1 cm² areas control the package OTR. Automatic gauge control around the bubble circumference uses a segmented air ring; if the EVOH layer thickness standard deviation is above 5% of target, oxygen transmission uniformity fails at the package corners. Film produced with 4 μm T101B at 0% RH is capable of <5 cm³/(m²·day·atm) under ASTM D3985 at 23°C; after thermoformed vacuum-skin packaging at 90–110°C, the EVOH layer thickness in the bottom web may decrease to 2.5–3.0 μm. Moisture from meat exudate raises the local relative humidity at the EVOH layer to 80–95%; published EVOH permeability data show an OTR increase of 10–20 fold between 0% RH and 90% RH. The EVOH core is therefore positioned between two polyamide layers rather than directly adjacent to the inner sealant, and the sealant layer is selected from low-haze LLDPE or ULDPE with high hot-tack. Terminal pouches are vacuum packaged fresh red meat, cured sausages, and case-ready modified atmosphere portions. Compliance is assessed under EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Regulation (EC) No 2023/2006 for good manufacturing practice, and FDA 21 CFR §175.105 for adhesive components.
Coextrusion blow moulding of six-layer fuel tanks with HDPE/regrind/tie/EVAL T101B/tie/HDPE uses accumulator-head machines with 60–150 mm extruders and a 6-layer radial programming head. The T101B melt stream is held at 200–215°C, while the HDPE layers run at 210–230°C; the melt temperature differential is kept below 25°C to prevent parison curl and uncontrolled wall thickness distribution. Die swell differences between HDPE and T101B require balanced extruder throughputs and an EVOH layer thickness of 50–80 μm on a 60 L tank; below this range hydrocarbon permeation rises non-linearly. Barrier performance is measured on plaques or blow moulded bottles according to SAE J1737 at 40°C using CE10 or CARB E10 test fuel. Target values for EVOH-containing tank walls are generally below 0.5 g·m⁻²·day⁻¹ for hydrocarbon permeation; the exact value depends on EVOH layer thickness, orientation, and moisture history of the multilayer wall. Parison programming controls axial wall thickness; after burst testing, sectioning of the tank wall confirms that the T101B layer remains continuous through the pinch-off seam. Shutdown procedure requires purging the EVOH extruder with LDPE for at least 20 minutes and dropping the barrel temperature to 150°C before stopping the screw, because stagnant EVOH above 240°C degrades rapidly and generates gel particles. Fuel tank compliance references EPA 40 CFR Part 86 and CARB LEV III evaporative emission requirements; the finished tank is subjected to -40°C impact testing and pressure cycling before commercial release. Terminal articles are passenger car and off-road fuel tanks, jerry cans, and small-engine fuel containers.
| Application scenario | Barrier structure | Primary test methods | Compliance reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rigid food trays | PP/tie/T101B/tie/PP, 25–50 μm T101B | ASTM D3985 at 23°C, 50% RH | EU 10/2011; FDA 21 CFR §177.1360 |
| Vacuum meat pouches | PE/tie/PA/T101B/PA/tie/PE, 3–6 μm T101B | ASTM D3985 | EU 10/2011; FDA 21 CFR §175.105 |
| Fuel tanks | HDPE/regrind/tie/T101B/tie/HDPE, 50–80 μm T101B | SAE J1737 at 40°C | EPA 40 CFR Part 86; CARB LEV III |
| Cosmetic tubes | PE/tie/T101B/tie/PE, 10–20 μm T101B | ASTM D3985; ASTM F88/F88M-15 | EU 1223/2009; REACH |
| Hydronic barrier pipe | PE-RT/tie/T101B/tie/PE-RT, 50–100 μm T101B | ISO 17455; DIN 4726 at 40°C | DIN 4726; ISO 17455 |
| Medical lidding | PET/tie/T101B/tie/PE, 5–8 μm T101B | ASTM D3985; ASTM F88/F88M-15 | ISO 11607-1:2019 |
Cosmetic laminated tubes for oxygen-sensitive actives use a PE/white PE/tie/EVAL T101B/tie/PE laminate with T101B layer thickness of 10–20 μm. The barrier web is produced by cast-film coextrusion through a slot die at 250–1000 mm width, melt temperature 210–220°C, and chill roll temperature 18–25°C; it is then laminated to an outer print web and an internal PE sealant web. The T101B layer must not be exposed at the side seam. Tube body welding uses hot-air or high-frequency welding at the PE sealant layers; if T101B enters the weld flash, seam strength measured by ASTM F88/F88M-15 can drop by 40–50% because the EVOH layer acts as a non-sealing notch. The side seam is therefore cut so that the T101B layer remains at least 50 μm below the weld interface. Oxygen barrier is verified by ASTM D3985 on flat laminate at 23°C, 50% RH; a 15 μm T101B layer is capable of <1.5 cm³/(m²·day·atm) at 0% RH, but at 75% RH the OTR exceeds 10 cm³/(m²·day·atm). Package design therefore places PE layers of at least 100 μm total thickness on the product side and 80 μm on the outer side to delay moisture transport into the EVOH core; PE sealant grades with density 0.918–0.925 g/cm³ and melt index 1.0–2.0 g/10 min at 190°C, 2.16 kg are typical. Formulations placed in these tubes include retinoid serums, vitamin C creams, fluoride toothpastes, and hair colorants where oxygen ingress causes oxidation or off-colour development. Cosmetic compliance is under EU Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009, and all substances released from packaging must not exceed REACH-restricted limits; oral care applications additionally require food-contact evaluation under FDA 21 CFR §177.1360 where applicable. Terminal articles are squeezable barrier tubes with shoulder/neck assemblies and flip-top or stand-up closures.
When T101B serves as the oxygen diffusion layer in multilayer piping for hydronic heating, the pipe structure is PE-RT/tie/T101B/tie/PE-RT or PEX/tie/T101B/tie/PE-RT with EVOH thickness of 50–100 μm in pipes of 16–32 mm outside diameter and 2.0–2.6 mm wall thickness. The EVOH extruder is a 30–45 mm single-screw with 24:1 L/D; melt temperature is held at 210–225°C, and the die is a spiral mandrel pipe head with 0.8–1.2 mm die gap. Vacuum sizing and water cooling at 15–25°C lock the EVOH layer within the pipe wall; if cooling is too slow, spherulitic growth in the T101B layer increases oxygen permeability and can create dimensional instability at the pipe outer diameter. Oxygen permeation of the finished pipe is tested according to ISO 17455 or DIN 4726 at 40°C; barrier pipe specifications commonly require an oxygen ingress rate no greater than 0.1 mg/(L·day) when normalized to the heating water volume, though the exact limit depends on the national version of the standard and the pipe diameter. Because EVOH barrier falls sharply above 80% RH, the PE-RT and tie layers must remain intact and crack-free; stress-cracking failures in the outer PE-RT layer expose the T101B layer to groundwater or humid concrete and reduce oxygen barrier over the service life. Tie layers are selected from maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene with density 0.940–0.950 g/cm³ and melt index 1.0–2.5 g/10 min at 190°C, 2.16 kg. Terminal articles are underfloor heating circuits, radiator connections, and district heating submains.
Medical diagnostic lidding films incorporating EVAL T101B as an oxygen barrier are produced as a three-layer cast film of PET/tie/T101B and then laminated to a low-sealing PET/PE web. The T101B layer is 5–8 μm thick in a total lidding thickness of 45–65 μm. Cast film manufacture uses a slot die at 220°C melt temperature and an 18°C chill roll; the film is immediately laminated because T101B absorbs ambient moisture within 30–60 minutes at 50% RH, shifting the oxygen transmission upward. Seal strength is measured according to ASTM F88/F88M-15 on a 25 mm strip; a target of 8–15 N/15 mm is typical for peelable diagnostic lidding. The sterile barrier system is validated under ISO 11607-1:2019; oxygen ingress is measured by ASTM D3985 at 23°C, 50% RH. The T101B layer is not used on the product-contact surface; direct product contact is limited to the PET or PE web. Published data for T101B in sterilized medical packaging is limited; validation must include post-sterilization OTR retention because irradiation or ethylene oxide exposure may alter the EVOH crystallinity and barrier performance. Terminal articles are lidding for chemiluminescent immunoassay cartridges, reagent trays, and transdermal patch pouches.
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Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer EVAL T101B is a 32 mol% ethylene barrier resin supplied in pellet form for coextruded multilayer sheet, thermoformed food trays, cups, and rigid oxygen-sensitive packaging. The grade is differentiated from film-cast EVOH types primarily by melt rheology and forming behavior rather than by barrier chemistry. Manufacturer typical data for EVAL T101B include a melt flow rate of 1.6 g/10 min at 190 °C/2160 g load under ISO 1133-1:2022, a density of 1.19 g/cm³ at 23 °C under ISO 1183-1:2019, and a melting peak of 183 °C under ISO 11357-3:2018. The dry-film oxygen transmission rate at 20 μm thickness, 20 °C, and 0 % relative humidity is reported as 0.2 cm³/(m²·day·atm) using ASTM D3985-17. Because the resin is hygroscopic and highly polar, it is not used as a monolayer structural material; it is buried between adhesive tie layers and polyolefin skins in multilayer sheet.
Table 1 condenses the incoming quality-control parameters used for coextrusion line setup and supplier release verification.
| Parameter | Method or reference | Manufacturer typical value |
|---|---|---|
| Ethylene content | Infrared spectroscopy, internal control | 32 mol% |
| Melt flow rate, 190 °C/2160 g | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 1.6 g/10 min |
| Density at 23 °C | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 1.19 g/cm³ |
| Melting peak | ISO 11357-3:2018 | 183 °C |
| Oxygen transmission rate, 20 μm, 20 °C, 0 % RH | ASTM D3985-17 | 0.2 cm³/(m²·day·atm) |
The principal distinction between EVAL T101B and EVAL F101B is not oxygen barrier chemistry but shear-thinning response and melt extensibility. EVAL F101B also uses a 32 mol% ethylene base and has similar dry-film oxygen transmission characteristics, but it is formulated for thin-gauge cast or blown film, where rapid draw-down and bubble stability control the processing window. EVAL T101B is adjusted for sheet extrusion and thermoforming, where a wide melt web must remain dimensionally stable across a coat-hanger die and then exhibit uniform elongation during reheating and deep-draw forming. In production, the T-series is selected when the barrier layer is spread across sheet die widths from 600 mm to 1200 mm and where edge neck-in or gauge variation is more damaging than slight differences in draw resonance.
In coextruded sheet, the EVOH layer is usually buried between two polyolefin skin layers and two tie layers. The viscosity ratio between EVAL T101B and the adjacent tie resin should follow the tie-resin producer’s recommended range. If the EVOH melt exceeds 240 °C, melt index shifts rapidly, and the lower-viscosity fraction can migrate toward the die lips under shear, producing wavy layer distribution. If the melt is too cold, typically below 180 °C, unmelted gel particles increase pressure drop and create visible barrier-layer defects. Single-screw extruders with barrier flights and L/D ratios from 30:1 to 42:1 are suitable in many sheet lines, but screw selection depends on throughput, layer ratio, and available residence time.
Comparative grades place the product in context. EVAL H101B contains 38 mol% ethylene and trades some dry oxygen barrier for reduced moisture sensitivity and greater chain flexibility in polyolefin coextrusions. EVAL E105B at 44 mol% ethylene moves further toward lower dry barrier and higher impact toughness. EVAL T101B therefore sits at the high-barrier end of the EVAL grade continuum for sheet and thermoforming applications; it is selected only when the package can limit moisture uptake at the EVOH layer or when polyolefin skins and tie layers provide sufficient moisture lag.
The dry oxygen barrier of EVAL T101B is meaningful only when the EVOH layer remains below a critical moisture content. Water disrupts the interchain hydrogen bonding that restricts oxygen diffusion; therefore the 0.2 cm³/(m²·day·atm) value obtained under ASTM D3985-17 at 0 % relative humidity cannot be used directly as the design basis for wet or retorted packaging. In a 32 mol% ethylene EVOH, moisture uptake after direct water contact or prolonged humid exposure reduces barrier in proportion to the amount of absorbed water and the time-temperature history. The extent of barrier loss is structure-dependent, because polyolefin skins and tie layers restrict moisture transport into the buried EVOH layer. For retortable trays, the wet oxygen transmission rate may be one to two orders of magnitude higher than the dry-film value; published data for this specific configuration is limited because the result depends on layer thickness, tie resin, and retort intensity.
Thermoformed containers introduce an additional variable because sidewall thinning reduces the functional EVOH layer from a flat-sheet thickness of 15 μm to 20 μm to corner or sidewall regions of 5 μm to 10 μm. Barrier calculations should use the thinnest formed-section estimate and the post-forming wet oxygen transmission rate, not the flat-sheet dry value. For structures intended for retort above 121 °C, the formed container should be tested as a finished article under ASTM D3985-17 or equivalent, because coupon data do not reproduce sidewall orientation, crystallinity changes, or delamination effects induced during forming. Food-contact compliance is governed by the final article under EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 and applicable clearances such as FDA 21 CFR 177.1360, with the resin supplier providing conformity declarations specific to the intended food type and use conditions.
Desiccant pre-drying of EVAL T101B at pellet temperatures of 90 °C to 110 °C for 4 h to 6 h with air inlet dew point of −40 °C or lower is required when ambient plant relative humidity exceeds 60 %. If residual moisture exceeds 0.1 wt%, melt-phase hydrolysis releases acetic acid and causes corrosion of adapters, dies, and downstream vacuum tooling while producing a progressive melt-index increase. Dried pellets should be sealed immediately after dryer discharge; exposure to humid plant air for more than 30 min can restore enough surface moisture to produce surface splay. Processing barrel temperatures from 180 °C to 230 °C are common, with adapter and die zones maintained below 240 °C. Residence time above 240 °C should not exceed 20 min; longer hold times generate dark gel particles and acidic volatiles by autoaccelerating thermal degradation. Shutdown purging uses a low-volatility LDPE with melt flow rate near 2 g/10 min until the clear EVOH transition has exited the die. PVC, acetal, or amine-containing masterbatches should not be introduced into the same melt train because they produce incompatible decomposition residues and carbonized deposits.
Filtration before the sheet die is typically sized at 60 mesh or finer to capture gel-based EVOH particles. Sharp right-angle flow transitions are avoided because barrier-layer stagnation zones accelerate degradation and release acetic acid locally. Chromium-nitride-coated screws and barrels are used on prolonged campaigns to reduce adhesive wear from acidic EVOH decomposition products. Unopened bags stored below 25 °C and 60 % relative humidity typically carry a supplier-defined shelf life; partially used bags must be resealed and re-dried before subsequent processing.
Thermoforming EVAL T101B sheet requires controlled reheat uniformity because residual moisture in the sheet generates blisters when the sheet surface reaches forming temperature. Zoned quartz or ceramic infrared heaters are used; for polypropylene-based structures, sheet surface temperatures typically fall between 150 °C and 165 °C, while the buried EVOH layer must not exceed 190 °C to avoid barrier loss through thermal history changes. Mold temperatures below 30 °C can set the sheet too quickly and cause springback; heated mold-oil circulation is required when deep-draw ratios exceed 1:1. The exact draw ratio before thinning failure depends on the full PP/tie/EVOH/tie/PP structure, and published data for this specific configuration is limited.
Thermoformed edge trim and skeletal scrap from EVOH-containing sheet can be reintroduced only after regrinding and only into a carrier or regrind layer, not into the EVOH barrier layer. Direct dry-blending of ground EVAL T101B sheet scrap into the polyolefin skin creates dispersed polar EVOH domains in a nonpolar matrix; the resulting sheet develops optical haze and stress concentrations at domain boundaries. Containers made with regrind levels above 20 % by weight should be validated by puncture or drop testing under ISO 6603-2:2023 or equivalent. Sheet line startups commonly trial scrap fractions up to 30 % by weight in the core layer, but the final permitted fraction depends on base resin melt flow rate, tie-layer compatibility, and the legal status of the food-contact surface. Regrind should be homogenized by melt compounding or high-shear mixing in the core extruder before the feedblock; dry blended powder at the hopper is insufficient to disperse EVOH domains and may cause feed variation.
Scrap that has been retorted or stored under humid warehouse conditions may contain enough acetic acid or moisture to degrade the melt, and it should be re-dried under the same conditions as virgin EVOH before processing. Mixed polyamide and EVOH post-industrial scrap should be segregated because lactam and amide melt streams can cause localized gel formation when processed in contact with EVOH at high temperature. Separate granulator and recycle loops are required to preserve the melt stability and clarity of the sheet.
