| HS Code | 825579 |
| Product Name | ELVANOL 51-05 |
| Chemical Family | Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVOH) |
| Cas Number | 9002-89-5 |
| Physical Form | Free-flowing white powder |
| Degree Of Hydrolysis | 87.0 - 89.0 mol% |
| Viscosity 4 Aqueous Solution At 20 C | 5.0 - 6.0 mPa·s |
| Ph 4 Aqueous Solution | 5.0 - 7.0 |
| Ash Content | ≤ 0.5% |
| Volatile Content | ≤ 5.0% |
| Bulk Density | 0.4 - 0.6 g/cm³ |
| Solubility | Readily soluble in hot water |
| Appearance | White to cream granular powder |
| Melting Point | Approximately 200°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.49 - 1.52 |
As an accredited ELVANOL 51-05 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | ELVANOL 51-05 polyvinyl alcohol is supplied in 50-pound multi-wall paper bags, ensuring dry, safe handling and storage. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Container Loading (20′ FCL): ELVANOL 51-05, polyvinyl alcohol resin, is packed in bags and securely loaded into 20-foot full container. |
| Shipping | ELVANOL 51-05 is a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol resin supplied as a free-flowing powder. It is non-hazardous for transport, but should be shipped in sealed, moisture-proof packaging to prevent caking. Keep dry, protected from humidity, and store away from incompatible materials. Standard industrial handling applies. |
| Storage | Store ELVANOL 51-05 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat, open flames, and direct sunlight. Keep containers tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Protect from physical damage and dust accumulation. Use proper ventilation and handling practices. Avoid storage near incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically 2 years from manufacture when stored in original, unopened containers under dry, cool conditions. |
In semi-continuous emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers, ELVANOL 51-05 is dissolved in demineralized water at 80–95°C and held for 30–45 min to eliminate undissolved microgels before cooling to 40–55°C and starting the monomer feed. The grade’s alcoholysis degree of 87.0–89.0 mol% and 4% aqueous solution viscosity of 5.0–6.0 mPa·s at 20°C place it in the low-viscosity partially hydrolyzed segment, where the polyvinyl alcohol chain length is sufficient to provide steric stabilization at the aqueous-organic boundary layer but not so high that reactor mixing fails at elevated solids. In stirred jacketed reactors of 10–30 m³ equipped with 45° pitched-blade turbine impellers running at tip speeds of 3.0–4.5 m/s, the protective-colloid loading is typically 2.0–5.5 wt% based on total vinyl acetate monomer mass. A seed latex charge of 5–10 wt% of total monomer is introduced at 60–65°C before the pre-emulsion feed begins, and the remaining monomer, pre-dissolved PVA solution, and initiator solution are metered over 2–4 h. Below 2.0 wt%, production-scale batches have shown an increase in coagulum retained on a 40-mesh screen after 12 h of continuous feed, particularly when the free-monomer concentration exceeds 3 wt% in the reactor. Above 5.5 wt%, the finished nonionic or anionic latex can exceed 12,000–18,000 mPa·s at 55% solids, requiring dilution for roll coaters and curtain coaters. Initiator dosing with 0.15–0.35 wt% ammonium persulfate on total monomer is set to keep the exotherm between 68–78°C; excursions above 80°C in the first 30 min accelerate PVA grafting and can create shear-sensitive latex with elevated low-shear viscosity. Post-reaction finishing with tert-butyl hydroperoxide and sodium metabisulfite at 65–70°C for 60–90 min reduces residual vinyl acetate below 0.1 wt% in typical production. Borate ions and high-valent metal salts in the water phase must be excluded because 0.1 wt% sodium tetraborate decahydrate can reversibly crosslink the PVA and raise solution viscosity above the target feed viscosity. Compliance is assessed under FDA 21 CFR 175.105, 176.170, and 176.180 for indirect food contact, and under REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 for registration and Safety Data Sheet obligations. Latex characterization uses ISO 2555 for viscosity, ISO 3251 for solids, and ISO 4576 for sieve residue coagulum. Terminal product types include PVAc homopolymer and VAE-polymer emulsions for D3 and D4 wood-bonding adhesives under EN 204, paper-to-paper laminating adhesives, carton-sealing adhesives, and general assembly adhesives where water resistance requirements do not justify fully hydrolyzed PVA grades.
| Application segment | Regulatory or standard reference | Critical test/control method |
|---|---|---|
| Emulsion polymerization | FDA 21 CFR 175.105; REACH (EC) No 1907/2006 | Latex viscosity ISO 2555; coagulum ISO 4576; solids ISO 3251 |
| Water-soluble film | EU 648/2004; FDA 21 CFR 177.1670; OECD 301B | Dissolution in 10–15°C water; film moisture 6–8% |
| Paper size press | FDA 21 CFR 176.170; GB 9685-2016 | ISO 535 Cobb-60; ISO 3783 IGT pick |
| Textile warp sizing | REACH; Oeko-Tex Standard 100 | Size add-on 8–15%; desizing effluent membrane flux |
| Remoistenable adhesives | FDA 21 CFR 175.105; EU 10/2011 | Rewet time under 2 s; blocking after 12-month storage |
| Technical ceramic binder | REACH; RoHS 2011/65/EU | ISO 11358-1 TG burnout; ash residue ≤0.5% |
When partially hydrolyzed PVOH film is cast for detergent unit-dose and closed-transfer agrochemical packaging, ELVANOL 51-05 is formulated at 60–80 wt% of dry film solids, with 12–20 phr plasticizer such as glycerin, sorbitol, or trimethylolpropane and 2–5 phr anti-blocking starch or talc, then dissolved in demineralized water to 18–24 wt% solids at 75–85°C. The 87.0–89.0 mol% hydrolysis band gives a 38 µm film a reported production-scale cold-water disintegration time of 45–90 s at 10–15°C, while fully hydrolyzed grades of 98–99 mol% typically require water temperatures above 60°C and are excluded from laundry monodose film structures. The casting liquor is deaerated under vacuum at −0.08 to −0.09 MPa and filtered through 10–20 µm polypropylene bag filters to keep pinhole counts below 1 per 100 m². Slot-die gap is set at 0.6–1.2 mm and the casting room is maintained at 45–55% RH to prevent surface skinning. On stainless-steel belt drying lines running 8–15 m/min, zone temperatures are staged from 80°C to 110°C to hold residual moisture at 6–8 wt%; lower moisture causes edge curl and die-cutter chipping, while higher moisture induces roll blocking at 25°C and 70% RH. Winding tension is controlled at 30–60 N/m, and rolls are aged 24–48 h at 20–25°C before slitting to stabilize shrinkage. Detergent matrices containing more than 20 wt% sodium carbonate or citrate can extract water from the partially hydrolyzed film and alter dissolution timing, so formulators use encapsulated enzymes, low-water surfactant systems, and pH buffering at 7.0–8.5 to delay swelling until the wash cycle. Compliance markers for this segment include EU Detergents Regulation (EC) No 648/2004 for detergent packaging components, OECD 301B for ready biodegradability, and FDA 21 CFR 177.1670 for polyvinyl alcohol film intended for food-contact packaging. Terminal product types include monodose laundry detergent pouches, dishwasher rinse aid pouches, water-soluble sachets for seed treatment and crop protection products, and hospital laundry containment bags where closed transfer of contaminated textiles is required.
Fine paper and recycled containerboard machines equipped with film-transfer or blade-metering size presses use ELVANOL 51-05 at 0.5–3.0 dry parts per 100 parts oxidized or cationic starch; the starch phase is cooked separately at 95–98°C for 25–35 min, and the PVA phase is dissolved at 80–95°C before the two streams are combined in the working tank. The size-press solids are held at 6–9% and 60–70°C, where the low-viscosity PVA fraction maintains a DIN 53211 4 mm flow time of 12–18 s and avoids rod clogging and misting seen with medium-viscosity grades above 13 mPa·s. Size-press rolls are typically operated at 5–15 P&J rubber hardness with blade angle between 25° and 35°, depending on sheet porosity. The PVA film raises sheet surface strength and reduces linting on offset presses; the measurable mill responses are an increase in IGT pick strength under ISO 3783 and a lower incidence of fiber pull on blanket cylinders. Cobb-60 water absorption under ISO 535 should be monitored when PVA loading exceeds 3.5 parts per 100 parts starch because the hydrophilic film can increase rewet values by 5–15 g/m² depending on base sheet furnish and calendering. Reel moisture should be controlled to 4.5–6.5% to avoid blocking in high-speed sheeting. Compliance for paper and paperboard intended for food contact includes FDA 21 CFR 176.170 for aqueous and fatty food types, FDA 21 CFR 176.180 for dry food types, and GB 9685-2016 for food-contact paper and board in China. Terminal product types include offset printing papers, copy and laser-print papers, recycled linerboard requiring high-speed corrugator gluing, and coated base papers where low internal sizing and high surface strength are both required. Published data for this specific configuration is limited at speeds above 1,500 m/min; mill trials are recommended to establish the exact PVA-to-starch ratio for a given furnish.
Cotton and polyester/cotton spun yarns in the 20–40 Ne range are sized with ELVANOL 51-05 at 5–9 wt% of size liquor and 8–15% dry size add-on relative to yarn mass in single-box or two-box slasher lines. The low 4% solution viscosity of 5.0–6.0 mPa·s produces size mixes at 85–95°C that remain low in shear sensitivity and allow the PVA to penetrate yarn hairiness while forming a smooth film at the yarn surface, reducing warp stops on shuttleless looms by improving abrasion resistance at reed and heald contact zones. Squeeze rolls in the size box are operated at 10–15 kN/m nip pressure, and cylinder drying is staged from 110°C to 130°C so that exit yarn moisture remains 8–12% and surface film silvering does not develop. Slashing speeds from 60–120 m/min are adjusted to yarn count, with sectional warper tension typically set at 0.15–0.35 cN/tex to prevent size film cracking before weaving. Desizing after weaving is performed at 80–95°C with oxidative or enzymatic desizing agents; the low molecular weight shortens wash-off time compared with medium-viscosity grades. Desizing effluent containing this partially hydrolyzed PVA grade can be recovered through ultrafiltration units with 10,000 Da molecular weight cut-off, but starch, waxes, and spin finishes in the same waste stream can reduce membrane flux by 30–50% compared with pure PVA solution. Compliance is assessed under REACH registration for textile auxiliaries and Oeko-Tex Standard 100 finished-article limits; mills exporting to the EU may also require evidence of desizing wastewater treatability under local permits. Terminal product types include poplin shirting, workwear fabrics, bed linen, and polyester-cotton uniform fabrics. For high-density denim or heavy canvas, the PVA addition may be reduced because starch and acrylic sizes dominate the formulation; published data for this specific configuration is limited above 12% PVA in the size mix.
ELVANOL 51-05 is compounded into remoistenable envelope and label adhesives as the principal binder at 55–75 wt% of dry adhesive solids, with 15–25 phr glycerin or polyethylene glycol as humectant and 2–5 phr fumed silica or starch as anti-blocking agent. The waterborne compound is prepared at 30–38% solids, adjusted to 500–2,000 mPa·s at 40°C, and coated on 70–110 g/m² paper at 4–8 g/m² dry coat weight using Anilox or gravure application with 60–80 lines/cm cylinder engraving. Drying is staged below 70°C to avoid forming a non-rewettable skin and to preserve the mobility of the 87.0–89.0 mol% hydrolyzed PVA layer; coat weight tolerance is held at ±0.5 g/m² to prevent skip-coating on flaps. Rewet speed on lick-roll or spray moistening stations is adjusted to under 2 s for high-speed inserting lines running 18,000–24,000 envelopes/hour; open time beyond 3 s increases blocking and raises the reject rate in mail insertion equipment. Dry storage at 25°C and 50% RH produces no visible blocking for 12 months when anti-blocker loading is above 2 phr; storage at 35°C and 70% RH may require reducing plasticizer below 18 phr or adding paraffin wax dispersion. Borate-containing humidification water must be avoided because borate ions crosslink the dried PVA layer and slow rewetting. Compliance for food-contact envelope and label adhesives is based on FDA 21 CFR 175.105, with EU Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 relevant when the adhesive is part of a food packaging laminate; bond strength can be evaluated by ASTM D1876-08 T-peel or internal tensile peel tests. Terminal product types include envelope flap adhesives, water-activated packaging tapes, stamp gum replacement, and label adhesives for short-run food contact where resealing after moisture is required.
Technical ceramic powder processing for alumina, zirconia-toughened alumina, and silicon carbide uses ELVANOL 51-05 as a temporary binder at 1.0–4.0 wt% of dry ceramic powder during spray drying or pan granulation. The grade’s ash content of ≤0.5% as Na₂O after burnout and its low solution viscosity allow the binder to be dissolved at 8–12% solids and spray-dried at 180–220°C inlet temperature using rotary atomizers at 15,000–20,000 rpm without nozzle blockage; the resulting granules contain 0.5–2.0% binder and 0.5–1.5% residual moisture. During dry pressing at 100–200 MPa, the PVA binder increases green strength and reduces corner chipping before sintering; the optimum loading is determined by three-point bending and by edge-defect counts on pressed parts. Binder burnout in oxidizing or controlled atmospheres is programmed at 0.5–2°C/min between 250°C and 450°C with a 1–2 h hold; faster ramps above 3°C/min can create internal delamination and carbon ash above 0.1%, particularly in wall thicknesses above 10 mm. Borate-containing additives must be excluded from the ceramic slurry because even low borate levels can crosslink the PVA and increase viscosity during granulation. Compliance is assessed under REACH, and for electronic ceramic components under RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU; burnout residues can be monitored by thermogravimetric analysis per ISO 11358-1. Terminal product types include ceramic seal rings, cutting inserts, oxygen sensor housings, and multilayer ceramic capacitor green sheets. Published data for this specific configuration is limited for wall thickness above 10 mm; pilot-scale trials are recommended before production.
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ELVANOL 51-05 is a partially hydrolysed polyvinyl alcohol granular resin with a 4 wt% aqueous solution viscosity of 5.0–6.0 mPa·s at 20 °C and a hydrolysis degree of 87.0–89.0 mol%. The product is supplied as a white to off-white free-flowing granulate and is assigned CAS number 9002-89-5. Because the polymer retains a portion of its original acetyl groups, it dissolves more readily in cold-to-warm water than fully hydrolysed grades and yields lower solution viscosity than medium-chain partial grades at equal solids. These properties make it suitable for emulsion polymerisation protective colloid systems, remoistenable adhesives, paper surface sizing, and water-soluble packaging intermediates where low solution viscosity is a processing requirement.
The residual acetate content also reduces the degree of crystallinity after film casting. For comparison, fully hydrolysed polyvinyl alcohol with hydrolysis above 98 mol% develops a more ordered hydrogen-bonded network, which raises tensile strength and lowers equilibrium moisture under high-humidity exposure. The partially hydrolysed structure of 51-05 retains greater chain flexibility, which is useful where film re-wetting or rapid dissolution is required.
Specifications below are taken from supplier technical data for the neat granular resin and from the general test framework of JIS K6726 where indicated. The viscosity measurement uses a 4 wt% aqueous solution equilibrated in a water bath at 20 °C and evaluated with a Brookfield rotational viscometer. Solution pH is measured with a glass electrode after complete dissolution and cooling to 20 °C.
| Property | Condition or method | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Physical form | Visual inspection | White to off-white granulate |
| Viscosity of 4 wt% aqueous solution | Brookfield rotational viscometer, 20 °C | 5.0–6.0 mPa·s |
| Hydrolysis degree | JIS K6726 | 87.0–89.0 mol% |
| pH of 4 wt% solution | JIS K6726 | 5.0–7.0 |
| Volatile matter | JIS K6726 | ≤5.0 wt% |
| Ash as Na2O | JIS K6726 | ≤0.5 wt% |
For continuous solution make-up, a recirculating eductor is configured with a low-shear centrifugal pump. The granulate is drawn into a cold water stream at 15 °C, then passed through a plate heat exchanger to raise the temperature to 90 °C. The mixture is held in a jacketed tank with a turbine mixer for 30 min. Solution is transferred through a 100-mesh duplex filter before use. The pressure drop across the filter is monitored; an increase above 0.5 bar indicates incomplete dissolution or gel formation. This arrangement prevents fisheyes and reduces batch-to-batch viscosity variation.
Dissolution of ELVANOL 51-05 is conducted by pre-slurrying the granulate in cold water at 10–25 °C under mechanical agitation with a sawtooth impeller, followed by indirect heating to 90–95 °C. At concentrations above 10 wt% the solution phase forms gel networks during cooling; therefore storage and transfer lines are maintained above 30 °C. If dry granulate is added directly to hot water without cold water pre-slurry, partially dissolved particles gelatinise on particle surfaces and form agglomerates. The low molecular weight of the grade permits dissolution in 30–45 min at 90 °C at 5 wt%, compared with 60–90 min for medium-viscosity partially hydrolysed grade ELVANOL 52-22.
In vinyl acetate ethylene emulsion polymerisation, ELVANOL 51-05 is typically charged at 1.5–4.0 wt% on total monomer as a protective colloid, with the lower end used for coarse seed lattices and the upper end for fine particle size and high mechanical stability. Because the grade has a low molecular weight, dissolved colloid viscosity drops more rapidly with temperature than that of ELVANOL 52-22; this difference can be quantified by rotational viscometry according to ASTM D2196-20. Reactor charge viscosity limits often govern colloid selection in jacketed glass-lined vessels equipped with pitched-blade impellers. When a plant must raise total latex solids from 55 wt% to 60 wt% without exceeding a high-shear viscosity threshold of 1,000 mPa·s at 20 rpm, a low-viscosity grade such as 51-05 is used in place of a medium-viscosity partial grade at equal protective colloid concentration.
The 51-05 grade also contributes to latex particle size control. Dynamic light scattering measured under ISO 22412:2017 indicates that increasing the colloid concentration from 2.0 wt% to 4.0 wt% on total monomer generally shifts the final particle size distribution toward finer average diameters, while the low molecular weight prevents the excessive thickening observed with higher-viscosity grades. For systems containing vinyl acetate and ethylene, the grafted polyvinyl alcohol content influences shear stability and coagulum formation. Reactor operators monitor coagulum on a 100-mesh discharge filter; accumulation above 0.05 wt% of batch weight triggers corrective adjustment of initiator feed rather than colloid replacement.
Moisture uptake is the main storage boundary for ELVANOL 51-05. At 25 °C and 80% RH, dry granulate becomes cohesive within 24 h, and caked layers can form at the base of bulk silos. Closed storage at <40 °C and <60% RH is recommended; under these conditions the supplier suggests a shelf life of 24 months from manufacture in sealed packaging. Pneumatic conveying should be conducted with dried air at a dew point below 5 °C. Fine dust from the granulate is combustible; explosion prevention measures follow IEC 60079-10-2:2015, with bonding and grounding in transfer equipment.
Thermal stability boundaries apply during processing. Polyvinyl alcohol decomposes at temperatures above 200 °C, releasing acetic acid and unsaturated decomposition products. Therefore extrusion of compounded films should be limited to melt temperatures below 200 °C unless a plasticiser is present. Contact with strong oxidising agents and transition-metal salts that catalyse oxidation should be avoided. Aqueous solutions are susceptible to microbial degradation; for storage longer than 48 h, preservation or refrigerated hold at 5–10 °C is needed.
Because polyvinyl alcohol complexes with borate ions, aqueous 51-05 solutions should not be blended with alkaline borate buffers unless controlled crosslinking is intended. In adhesive and coating plants, product changeover from a borated starch or borate-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol formulation requires flushing with hot water at 80 °C to remove gel deposits.
Remoistenable envelope adhesives based on ELVANOL 51-05 are prepared at 15–25 wt% solids. The solution is applied by gravure wheel or slot applicator at 20–30 g/m² dry coat weight. Drying tunnels operate at 80–120 °C for 5–15 s. The low viscosity of the grade allows uniform transfer at line speeds up to 300 m/min without stringing; wet coat thickness is controlled by gravure roll speed ratio. Rewetting of the dried adhesive is rapid because of the residual acetate content. The rewetted bond must develop fibre tear within 10–15 s under 20 °C, 50% RH conditions; adhesion is assessed by ASTM D1876-08 T-peel testing.
Formulation limits apply below 10 °C. Plasticiser addition is necessary to prevent brittleness; glycerol or polyethylene glycol at 5–15 wt% on PVOH solids is used. Excess plasticiser above 20 wt% reduces fibre tear by lowering cohesive strength and increasing re-wet tack after ageing at 40 °C, 75% RH. These effects are evaluated by ASTM D1876-08 T-peel testing and by accelerated ageing in a humidity cabinet.
At the size press of a paper machine, starch surface sizing formulations containing ELVANOL 51-05 are prepared at total solids of 8–12 wt%. The low molecular weight of the grade permits addition of 1–3 parts PVOH per 100 parts starch without exceeding the viscosity envelope of the metering size press. Surface strength of dried paper is assessed according to ISO 3783:2006; the PVOH component increases pick resistance relative to pure oxidised starch at equal coat weight. The resin also reduces dusting and improves film continuity on sized paper. However, because 51-05 is partially hydrolysed, it retains greater water sensitivity than fully hydrolysed PVOH; paper intended for high-humidity packaging may require blending with a fully hydrolysed grade or with a crosslinker.
The primary differentiation between ELVANOL 51-05 and medium-viscosity partially hydrolysed grades such as ELVANOL 52-22 is the magnitude of solution viscosity. At 4 wt% solids and 20 °C, 51-05 produces a viscosity of 5.0–6.0 mPa·s; 52-22 produces a viscosity of 20–26 mPa·s. This difference corresponds to a reduced chain length and lower molecular weight, not to a significant difference in hydrolysis degree. Both grades carry approximately 87–89 mol% hydroxyl functionality, but 51-05 dissolves more quickly and develops lower solution elasticity. Conversely, fully hydrolysed grade ELVANOL 70-06 is similar in solution viscosity to 51-05 but has hydrolysis above 98 mol%. As a result, it requires higher dissolution temperature, forms a more crystalline film, and gives better water resistance and oxygen barrier after drying. The partially hydrolysed 51-05 grade is preferred when low temperature dissolution or re-wetting is required, for example in remoistenable adhesives and water-soluble packaging used for dry detergents. In barrier film applications, 51-05 is not the optimum choice because residual acetate groups reduce crystallinity and increase water permeability; grades with hydrolysis above 98 mol% are specified for films measured under ISO 15106-1:2007 oxygen transmission rate testing. Specific oxygen transmission rate values for a 51-05 monolayer film are not provided in the supplier datasheet; published data for this specific configuration is limited to comparative statements against fully hydrolysed grades.
| Regulation or standard | Scope | Condition |
|---|---|---|
| FDA 21 CFR 175.105 | Adhesives for food contact | Component of adhesives; end-use migration limits apply |
| FDA 21 CFR 176.170 | Paper and paperboard in contact with aqueous and acidic foods | Component of paper coating or sizing; residual monomer limits apply |
| FDA 21 CFR 176.180 | Paper and paperboard for dry food | Component of paper and paperboard |
| EU REACH | Registration of polymer precursor | Polymer exempt; monomers and additives registered |
| RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU | Electrical and electronic equipment | No Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr(VI), PBB, or PBDE intentionally added; verify supply-chain documentation |
| IEC 60079-10-2:2015 | Dust hazard classification | Combustible dust; zone classification required in handling areas |
ELVANOL 51-05 is a candidate resin for water-soluble packaging film when combined with plasticiser and processing aids. The low molecular weight reduces melt pressure during twin-screw extrusion. Extruders with L/D 30:1 to 40:1 and barrel temperatures of 150–190 °C are used; venting at the vacuum port removes residual moisture. The partially hydrolysed grade dissolves at 10–20 °C within 60–120 s when cast film thickness is 50–70 µm, but dissolution rate data should be confirmed with end-use machinery because water temperature, agitation, and film orientation influence the result. Packages for alkaline detergents may require a fully hydrolysed grade if reduced cold-water solubility is needed to prevent premature dissolution in humid storage.
