| HS Code | 303934 |
| Product Name | Mowital B 14 S |
| Chemical Type | Polyvinyl butyral |
| Cas Number | 63148-65-2 |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow free-flowing powder |
| Bulk Density | approx. 0.43 g/cm³ |
| Density | 1.08 g/cm³ |
| Glass Transition Temperature | approx. 56 °C |
| Softening Point | approx. 60-70 °C |
| Solution Viscosity | approx. 14 mPa·s (10% solution in ethanol at 20 °C) |
| Hydroxyl Content | approx. 22 wt% |
| Butyral Content | approx. 73 wt% |
| Residual Acetyl Content | max. 3 wt% |
| Water Content | max. 2 wt% |
| Refractive Index | approx. 1.488 |
| Molecular Weight | low molecular weight PVB grade |
| Solubility | Soluble in ethanol, methanol, and similar alcohols |
As an accredited Mowital B 14 S factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Mowital B 14 S: powder supplied in 20 kg multi-layer paper bags with an inner PE liner. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Load 20′ FCL with palletized, shrink-wrapped Mowital B 14 S bags, securely braced, moisture-protected, and evenly distributed. |
| Shipping | Mowital B 14 S is a free-flowing polyvinyl butyral powder, shipped in sealed multi-layer paper bags or drums. It is non-hazardous under normal transport conditions. Keep dry, avoid excessive heat and ignition sources. Standard covered trucks or containers are suitable, with protection from moisture and mechanical damage during transit. |
| Storage | Store Mowital B 14 S in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat, and ignition sources. Keep the container tightly closed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid dust accumulation and contact with strong oxidizing agents. Maintain stable temperatures and use within recommended shelf life for optimal performance. |
| Shelf Life | Mowital B 14 S has a shelf life of approximately 2 years when stored unopened in cool, dry conditions. |
A solvent-borne wash primer based on Mowital B 14 S functions as a conversion-adhesion interlayer on carbon steel and hot-dip galvanized substrates. The binder is dissolved in a mixed alcohol vehicle before pigmentation and activation with phosphoric acid at 85 wt%. On airless and HVLP coating lines, the liquid primer is adjusted to a spray viscosity of 18–22 s measured via ISO 2431 cup 4 mm at 20 °C, then applied at a dry film thickness of 8–12 µm. Mowital B 14 S addition is maintained between 5.0–8.0 wt% of the liquid formulation; below 5.0 wt% adhesion and corrosion resistance degrade, while above 8.0 wt% residual phosphoric acid remains mobile after solvent release and can reduce intercoat adhesion. The formulation also contains zinc phosphate or zinc tetroxychromate at 4.0–7.0 wt%, phosphoric acid at 2.0–3.5 wt% as supplied, and alcohol solvent at 50–65 wt%. Surface preparation follows ISO 8501-1 to blast cleanliness Sa 2½ or light abrasion of galvanized surfaces. After flash-off at 10–15 min at ambient conditions, the coating is overcoated within 16–24 h to prevent cure-related intercoat failure. Industry compliance references include SSPC-Paint 27 for vinyl butyral wash primers and ISO 12944-5:2019 for corrosion protection systems on steel structures; where chromate-containing inhibitive pigments are used, REACH authorisation and exposure-scenario restrictions apply. Terminal products include prefabricated steel bridge segments, galvanized air-handling ductwork, and transformer housings.
For reverse-printed flexible packaging laminates, Mowital B 14 S is incorporated as a low-molecular-weight polyvinyl butyral binder in alcohol-based flexographic and rotogravure inks where fast solvent release is required at press speeds above 250 m/min. The binder addition ratio is normally 6–10 wt% of the total ink formulation, with binder-to-pigment ratios from 1.0:1 to 2.5:1 depending on corona treatment level and substrate surface energy. Pigment dispersion is carried out in a bead mill or triple-roll mill until grindometer fineness is below 10 µm; the ink is then let down with an ethanol–ethyl acetate blend to a viscosity of 25–35 s measured by ISO 2431 cup 3 mm at 20 °C. Substrate films are treated to 38–42 mN/m before printing, and drying is performed at 60–80 °C with residual solvent monitored below 5.0 mg/m² in the dry print. Food-contact assessment follows EU Regulation 10/2011/EC with an overall migration limit of 10 mg/dm² and FDA 21 CFR 175.300 for resinous and polymeric coatings; Swiss Ordinance 817.023.21 is commonly referenced for packaged food inks in certain European markets. The terminal printed articles are confectionery wrappers, dry snack packets, and dairy lidding films, where the PVB binder provides colour transfer resistance and solvent-release control without requiring nitrogen blanket drying.
The substitution of Mowital B 14 S into a low-temperature co-fired ceramic slip requires control of the binder-to-ceramic powder ratio because the low molecular weight of this grade reduces slurry viscosity but also lowers green tape tensile strength. A production-scale slip is typically formulated with 100 parts by mass of milled glass-ceramic powder, 55–70 parts of a toluene–ethanol or MEK–ethanol vehicle, 8–14 parts of Mowital B 14 S, 3–7 parts of a phthalate or citrate plasticizer, and 0.5–2.0 parts of a phosphate ester dispersant. The powder is wet-milled in a planetary ball mill for 24–48 h, deaired under vacuum at 50–200 mbar, and cast onto silicone-coated PET using a doctor blade gap of 0.20–0.80 mm at 0.5–2.0 m/min. Multi-zone drying at 60–80 °C yields green tape thickness from 40 µm to 250 µm. Lamination is performed at 70–90 °C and 20–40 MPa; binder burnout then proceeds to 450 °C at a ramp rate below 0.5 °C/min to avoid carbon residue and layer delamination. Acceptance testing commonly applies ASTM D882-18 for thin-film tensile properties and ISO 9001:2015 clause 8.5.1 for production control because no harmonised global regulation governs LTCC feedstock composition. Terminal products are ceramic multilayer substrates for automotive radar antenna-in-package modules and RF front-end modules in 5G base stations.
As gravure cylinder speeds approach 250 m/min on aluminium foil coating lines, Mowital B 14 S is used as the dominant binder in heat-seal lacquers because its alcohol-soluble film formation allows rapid solvent release without blocking on rewind rollers. The lacquer is compounded at 8–15 wt% PVB solids, with alcohol–toluene solvent at 70–80 wt%, plasticizer at 0.5–2.0 wt%, wax slip agent at 0.5–1.5 wt%, and an adhesion promoter at 0.2–0.8 wt%. Application is performed by gravure cylinder or reverse roll onto 20–40 µm annealed aluminium foil, with a dry coat weight of 2.0–4.0 g/m². Drying is carried out in a three-zone oven at 80–120 °C; the coated foil is then heat-sealed to PVC, PS, or PET containers at 140–180 °C, 200–400 N pressure, and 0.5–1.0 s dwell. Seal strength is measured according to ASTM F88/F88M, and food-contact compliance is evaluated under EU Regulation 10/2011/EC and FDA 21 CFR 175.300. When lidding is peeled from APET trays without lacquer transfer, the terminal packaging is used as dairy fruit cup lidding, single-serve coffee creamer lids, and cosmetic blister lidding.
On coil-coating lines for architectural anodised aluminium panels, Mowital B 14 S is deposited as a peelable protective masking layer that resists scratches from stacking, slinging, and site handling. The coating is formulated with 8–12 wt% PVB in an ethanol–toluene vehicle, 1–3 wt% plasticizer on resin solids, and 0.1–0.5 wt% anti-block additive; application is by reverse roll or knife-over-roll at 20–60 m/min. After drying at 70–100 °C, the dry mask thickness is held at 15–30 µm. Peel force is characterised according to ASTM D3330/D3330M, with production limits typically below 2.5 N/25 mm to avoid leaving residue on the anodised surface; cross-hatch adhesion of the underlying anodised layer before and after removal is verified by ISO 2409. The mask must be removed within 60 days when panels are stored outdoors because extended UV exposure embrittles the PVB film and increases peel force. Terminal products are aluminium curtain wall panels, column covers, and elevator interior panels.
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Mowital B 14 S is a low-viscosity polyvinyl butyral resin supplied as a free-flowing white powder. The alphanumeric designation identifies the polymer family, the nominal polyvinyl alcohol fraction, and the solution-viscosity subclass. The polymer backbone contains butyral rings as the dominant functional group, with a controlled residual hydroxyl population from the parent polyvinyl alcohol. These hydroxyl sites provide polar adhesion to glass, aluminium, copper, and mineral pigments, while the butyral segments confer solubility in ethanol, isopropanol, methoxypropanol, and ketone/ester blends. The residual acetate fraction is controlled below 3 wt%, and the non-volatile content is typically not less than 98 % when tested according to ISO 3251. The relatively low hydroxyl level in Mowital B 14 S reduces solution viscosity at equivalent solids, lowers plasticiser demand, and permits hydrocarbon diluent addition. These characteristics make the resin suitable for alcohol-based flexographic and gravure inks, adhesion primers, heat-sealable lacquers, and overprint varnishes rather than for structural film applications.
Incoming-control schedules for Mowital B 14 S normally address solution viscosity, hydroxyl content, residual acetate content, non-volatile matter, moisture, and bulk density. Viscosity is determined on a 10 wt% solution in ethanol at 20 °C, using a Höppler or Ubbelohde viscometer according to DIN 53015 or ISO 12058-1; the value is usually in the 4–6 mPa·s range. Hydroxyl content is expressed as polyvinyl alcohol and is typically 14–17 wt%. These two measurements are not independent because the same hydroxyl concentration in a lower-molar-mass chain produces a lower solution viscosity than in a higher-molar-mass grade. A lot that shows viscosity at the upper limit but hydroxyl content at the lower limit may indicate a broader molecular-weight distribution or a higher residual acetate fraction. Moisture should be measured because water above 1.5 wt% slows dissolution and increases haze in ester-containing solvent blends. Bulk density is monitored for automatic dosing, with typical values near 0.35–0.55 kg/L; this is a powder-flow parameter, not a fundamental resin specification.
In high-speed gravure printing, Mowital B 14 S is dissolved at 10–15 wt% solids in an ethanol/ethyl acetate mixture, commonly between 70:30 and 85:15 by weight. The low solution viscosity permits a high pigment-to-binder ratio, which improves colour strength without raising press viscosity beyond the typical 18–30 s efflux time on a 4 mm DIN cup at 20 °C, as described in ISO 2431. Solvent release from the printed film is rapid enough for web speeds of 150–300 m/min on non-porous substrates, while sufficient solvency remains in the trapping stage to avoid roping and pinholing. Because Mowital B 14 S has a lower hydroxyl content than high-hydroxyl PVB grades, the formulation tolerates aliphatic hydrocarbon diluents up to 20–40 % of the volatile phase without precipitation; this reduces solvent cost and allows independent control of drying speed. The binder wets phthalocyanine blue and titanium dioxide pigments under high shear, and the resulting dispersions show lower yield stress than those made with high-viscosity PVB grades. Published quantitative data for all specific pigment combinations are limited; laboratory drawdowns on corona-treated polyethylene and oriented polypropylene are therefore required.
Mowital B 14 S is used in two-component wash primers in which phosphoric acid, an alcohol diluent, and a phenolic or epoxy co-resin are mixed shortly before application. The acid generates an organometallic phosphate conversion layer on steel and aluminium, while the PVB binder holds the acid in a coherent film and provides adhesion to the subsequent topcoat. Dry film thickness is typically 5–10 µm. Cross-cut adhesion to degreased steel should be assessed according to ISO 2409; acceptable wash primers usually show classification 0–1 after 24 h at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity. Because the hydroxyl content of Mowital B 14 S is at the lower end of the PVB range, the dried primer has better water resistance than a high-hydroxyl PVB version, but it offers fewer reactive sites for crosslinking with phenolic resoles or isocyanate hardeners. Pot life in acid-containing formulations is limited by viscosity rise caused by acid-catalyzed acetal hydrolysis; working time should be confirmed by rheological measurement rather than visual inspection alone.
At a polyvinyl alcohol fraction of 14–17 wt%, plasticiser uptake in Mowital B 14 S is controlled by free volume between acetal rings and by the residual hydroxyl concentration. The resin accepts lower plasticiser loadings than high-hydroxyl PVB to reach a given low-temperature flexibility. In flexible lacquers, plasticiser levels are commonly 10–30 phr; at 30 phr of a medium-polarity plasticiser, the glass transition temperature of a cast film can fall from approximately 65 °C to below 0 °C, depending on plasticiser efficiency. However, plasticiser migration in contact with polyethylene or polystyrene may be greater than with high-hydroxyl PVB because the polymer matrix is less polar. For heat-seal lacquers, reduced interchain hydrogen bonding permits activation at 90–120 °C with short dwell times on blister packaging lines. Mechanical properties after plasticisation should be measured by tensile testing according to ISO 527-3; pendulum damping on thin films has limited value for films on flexible polymer webs.
In heat-seal lacquers for aluminium foil lids, Mowital B 14 S is combined with a medium-polarity plasticiser and an adhesion promoter at total solids of 15–25 wt% in ethanol or ethanol/ethyl acetate. The coating is applied by direct gravure at 0.5–2.5 g/m² dry coat weight. Sealing to unmodified polypropylene cups requires a modified polyolefin dispersion or a tie-coat; the PVB layer alone does not provide a thermal bond to unmodified polypropylene at 90–120 °C. Peel strength is measured according to ASTM F88/F88M or an equivalent internal sealing method. Blocking resistance after slitting is affected by residual solvent and plasticiser bloom; retained solvent can be measured by headspace gas chromatography using DIN EN 13628-1 or an internal method. If the lacquer is overprinted, the ink must resist the plasticiser used in the heat-seal layer; otherwise, adhesion loss and set-off occur after 30–60 °C storage.
In dilute solution, the viscosity of Mowital B 14 S follows the Huggins equation, and the intrinsic viscosity in ethanol at 20 °C is low compared with high-molar-mass PVB grades. Above 15 wt% solids, viscosity rises more steeply than predicted by linear dilution because hydroxyl groups form transient hydrogen-bonded clusters. Increasing solids from 10 to 20 wt% may therefore increase viscosity by a factor of 4–8, depending on the solvent blend. The addition of 5–10 wt% of a ketone such as methyl ethyl ketone disrupts hydroxyl clustering and lowers viscosity without damaging pigment wetting. However, high ketone levels increase retained solvent in printed films; retained-solvent targets are often set below 10 mg/m² for food-contact flexible packaging, and compliance is verified by headspace gas chromatography. Formulators should balance viscosity reduction against solvent-retention specifications and blocking tests.
Compared with higher-hydroxyl PVB grades, Mowital B 14 S differs in adhesion, toughness, and solvent response. A grade with a polyvinyl alcohol fraction of 18–21 wt% usually shows higher tensile strength, higher glass transition temperature, and better adhesion to glass and bare aluminium, but it requires more polar solvent, absorbs more atmospheric moisture, and produces a higher solution viscosity at the same solids. A grade with higher molar mass but similar hydroxyl content retains low-hydroxyl solubility yet builds more viscosity in dilute solution and forms a tougher film; it is selected when the formulation can tolerate additional solvent to meet application viscosity. Mowital B 14 S therefore occupies a low-viscosity, fast-release, medium-adhesion position in the PVB product family. Against medium-viscosity nitrocellulose, Mowital B 14 S provides better adhesion to glass, metal, and corona-treated films, better flexibility, and no phlegmatised-storage requirement. However, nitrocellulose often releases solvent more rapidly and gives lower roller tack on high-speed presses. Against acrylic solution resins, Mowital B 14 S provides better adhesion to polar mineral substrates and lower solution viscosity, but exterior durability and water-whitening resistance are inferior. These comparisons are based on binder chemistry; coating performance must be determined according to ISO 2409, ISO 1519, and ISO 4624 methods.
Powder storage stability of Mowital B 14 S is governed by moisture uptake and particle sintering. The powder should be kept in closed containers at 15–25 °C and below 60 % relative humidity. Above 60 % RH, moisture adsorption increases and can shift the apparent hydroxyl value measured by acetylation. Sintering occurs if the powder is stored above 40 °C or under external pressure, because the glass transition temperature of the resin is near 65 °C but particle surfaces soften earlier. Pre-drying, when required, is carried out in a vacuum dryer or an air-circulation dryer at 35–45 °C for 2–4 h; temperatures above 50 °C may cause lump formation. Solutions of Mowital B 14 S in ethanol should be protected from strong acids, because acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the acetal rings regenerates hydroxyl groups and changes viscosity. Amine additives at high pH can accelerate hydrolysis of residual acetate groups and should be avoided in long-term storage.
Through its residual hydroxyl groups, Mowital B 14 S can be crosslinked with polyisocyanates at an NCO:OH ratio of 1.1:1 to 1.3:1. The reaction is slower than with high-hydroxyl PVB grades, so mild heat or tin carboxylate catalysts are required for practical cure. A two-component clear coat containing 2–5 wt% of a trimerized hexamethylene diisocyanate typically reaches a gel fraction above 85 % after 7 days at 23 °C and 50 % RH, measured by solvent extraction. Because the resin contains residual acetate groups, strong amine catalysts can destabilise the isocyanate package; tin carboxylates are preferred. The low hydroxyl content also means that excess isocyanate can remain unreacted if stoichiometry is not controlled, which can affect lamination bond strength and food-contact migration.
Unlike bulk PVB interlayer grades, Mowital B 14 S is not intended as the primary interlayer resin in laminated safety glass production. PVB film grades used in architectural and automotive safety glass have higher molar mass, higher plasticiser capacity, and are processed by extrusion rather than solvent dissolution. Mowital B 14 S may be used in glass-printing lacquers and adhesion promoters applied to glass sheets before lamination, where low application viscosity at high solids is advantageous. Adhesion of the printed layer to glass is tested by cross-cut according to ISO 2409 and, after lamination, by compressive shear or internal pummel testing according to the relevant parts of ISO 12543. In such applications, residual plasticiser from the PVB interlayer can migrate into the printed layer and reduce glass adhesion; therefore, the selected Mowital B 14 S lacquer must be tested against the specific interlayer grade used.
For formulated inks and coatings, Mowital B 14 S is supplied as a polyvinyl butyral polymer with a safety data sheet under REACH. The polymer itself does not establish food-contact compliance; the formulated ink or coating must be assessed against EU Regulation 10/2011 or the relevant national migration limits. In the United States, PVB may be referenced under 21 CFR 175.300 for resinous and polymeric coatings used in food-contact applications, but the formulator must confirm end-use conditions and extraction limits. For toys and childcare articles, the finished coating is assessed according to EN 71-3 migration limits. For packaging inks, the EuPIA Good Manufacturing Practice and Swiss Ordinance SR 817.023.21 may apply to the final printed matter. Published data for Mowital B 14 S in all specific food-contact configurations are limited; migration testing is required for each final formulation.
| Performance parameter | Mowital B 14 S | Higher-PVOH PVB | Nitrocellulose binder |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solution viscosity at equal solids | Low | Medium to high | Low |
| Adhesion to glass and aluminium | High | Very high | Medium |
| Solvent release rate | Fast | Slower | Faster |
| Film toughness | Moderate | High | Low to moderate |
| Plasticiser demand | Low to moderate | Moderate to high | Low |
