| HS Code | 987412 |
| Product Name | Mowital G 36 |
| Chemical Family | Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin |
| Cas Number | 63148-65-2 |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow powder or granules |
| Viscosity | 36 mPa·s (5 wt% solution in ethanol at 20°C) |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 70 °C |
| Softening Point | 60–65 °C |
| Density | 1.08 g/cm³ at 20°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.490 |
| Hydroxyl Content | 18.0 ± 1.5 wt% |
| Acetyl Content | 0.5 ± 0.5 wt% |
| Butyral Content | 81.5 ± 1.5 wt% |
| Elongation At Break | 70% |
As an accredited Mowital G 36 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Mowital G 36 is supplied as free-flowing granules in moisture-protective packaging, typically 25 kg multi-layer paper bags. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Mowital G 36 loaded in 20′ FCL: palletized, polyethylene-lined bags, shrink-wrapped, secured to optimize space and ensure safe transport. |
| Shipping | Mowital G 36 is a polyvinyl butyral resin supplied as white granules. Ship in sealed, moisture-proof packaging to prevent clumping. No special hazardous classification applies. Keep dry, avoid prolonged exposure to heat or humidity. Standard non-hazardous ground or air freight is suitable with secure palletization. |
| Storage | Store Mowital G 36 in a cool, dry area, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat. Keep the original container tightly closed to protect the resin from moisture uptake. Avoid exposure to high humidity and extreme temperature fluctuations. When stored properly under these conditions, the product maintains its quality and specified shelf life. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life: 2 years from manufacture if stored unopened in a cool, dry place at room temperature. |
Solvent-borne flexographic and rotogravure ink formulations on corona-treated biaxially oriented polypropylene, polyester, and aluminium foil substrate constructions use Mowital G 36 as a low-molecular-weight PVB co-binder in nitrocellulose/polyurethane letdowns. The resin is introduced at 5–9 wt% of total liquid ink weight, replacing 20–35% of the nitrocellulose fraction in polyol-free formulations to shift open time and reduce pigment flocculation after press stops. Press-side viscosity is maintained at 22–30 s on a Zahn #2 cup per ASTM D4212, with a dilution solvent blend of ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methoxypropanol held above 70:30 ester-to-alcohol ratio to avoid viscosity drift during a 3000 m roll run. Food-contact grades are checked against FDA 21 CFR 175.300 and EU 10/2011 via overall migration testing under EN 1186, with a release limit of 10 mg/dm²; for non-food industrial labels, REACH Annex XVII restrictions on aromatic hydrocarbons apply to the solvent package. Lamination bond strength on PET/aluminium foil structures is evaluated after 7 d at 40 °C under ASTM F904, with an acceptance threshold of 2.5 N/15 mm. A typical manufacturing sequence uses high-shear bead milling at 2500–3500 rpm for pigment dispersion, followed by letdown addition of Mowital G 36 predissolved at 25–30% solids in ethanol/ethyl acetate. Terminal output includes surface-printed snack packaging, gravure lamination inks for retort lidding, and paper label topcoats. On solventborne rotogravure lines at 120–250 m/min, ketone dilution above 15 wt% of total solvent is avoided because residual solvent retention increases and can lower lamination bond after 24 h.
Two-component PVB wash primers formulated with Mowital G 36 in Part A serve as temporary passivation and adhesion promoters on blast-cleaned steel, electrogalvanized coil, and aluminium substrates before topcoating. In production-scale spray and roller coating lines, Part A incorporates Mowital G 36 at 5–9 wt% of total Part A liquid, along with 6–10 wt% zinc phosphate or zinc calcium phosphate, 2–4 wt% talc, and an alcohol/ketone solvent package; Part B is a 10–15 wt% phosphoric acid solution in isopropanol, combined at a volume ratio of 4:1 A:B. The controlling variable is acid concentration in the mixed paint: below 0.4 wt% phosphoric acid on total mixed liquid, interfacial etching of galvanized zinc becomes insufficient and cross-cut adhesion under ISO 2409 drops below class 2; above 0.7 wt%, PVB chain interaction with free acid can produce viscosity build and localized gelation in as little as 30 min in continuous circulation loops at 25 °C. Mixed pot life is therefore limited to 4–8 h at 23 °C and is monitored by efflux time change not exceeding +15% over initial value.
| Parameter | Range | Measurement Reference | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mowital G 36 in Part A | 5–9 wt% | Batch weigh ticket | Film-forming binder |
| Zinc phosphate in Part A | 6–10 wt% | X-ray fluorescence | Corrosion inhibitor |
| Phosphoric acid in mixed paint | 0.4–0.7 wt% | Acid-base titration | Substrate etch control |
| Dry film thickness | 8–12 μm | ISO 2808 | Adhesion layer |
Application practice on coil lines uses reverse roll or HVLP spray with wet film thickness 25–40 μm, yielding dry film thickness of 8–12 μm; over-application above 15 μm dry film creates intercoat adhesion failures with 2K epoxy topcoats after condensation exposure. Coated substrates must proceed to topcoating within 8 h to 72 h depending on relative humidity, as extended outdoor exposure consumes the acid and leaves a water-sensitive polyvinyl alcohol-enriched surface layer. Compliance anchors include SSPC-PAINT 27, ISO 12944-4 for preparation grades, and chromate-free formulations avoid chromium(VI) restrictions under REACH Annex XVII entry 47. End-use components include structural steel frames, metal façade panels, and refinish primer layers on commercial vehicles.
Tape casting of alumina, aluminum nitride, and LTCC dielectric layers for multilayer ceramic capacitors uses Mowital G 36 as a thermoplastic binder in non-aqueous slurry formulations where green tape tensile strength and clean burnout are jointly controlled. Binder addition is 5–11 wt% of dry ceramic powder weight, with plasticizer-to-binder ratio maintained at 0.4–0.7:1 and total solids loading at 55–70 wt% in an ethyl acetate/ethanol/toluene azeotrope. Slurry preparation requires two-stage ball milling with yttria-stabilized zirconia media of 2–3 mm diameter at 300–400 rpm for 24 h, followed by vacuum deaeration at 100–200 mbar to remove microfoam. Doctor blade casting is performed at 0.2–1.0 mm gap height and 0.5–1.5 m/min casting speed, with forced-air drying at 40–60 °C. Burnout profile uses a 0.5–1.0 K/min ramp to 350–450 °C in air, with residual carbon held to ≤0.1 wt% by thermogravimetric analysis per ASTM E1131. Handling is specified under ISO 14644-1 class 5 cleanroom conditions because particulate contamination above 10 μm creates short-circuit defects in dielectric layers below 15 μm after sintering. At relative humidity above 60%, Mowital G 36 predrying at 50–55 °C for 4–6 h is required to prevent moisture uptake from reducing green tape tensile strength by up to 30%.
| Property | Acceptance Window | Test Method |
|---|---|---|
| Green tape tensile strength | 1.2–2.5 MPa | ASTM D882 |
| Elongation at break | 15–25% | ASTM D882 |
| Binder burnout onset | 250–300 °C | ASTM E1131 |
| Residual carbon at 450 °C | ≤0.1 wt% | ASTM E1131 |
Terminal parts produced from this route include MLCC dielectric green sheets, LTCC substrates for radio-frequency modules, and ceramic sensor substrates. The process conflict occurs at the upper binder limit: exceeding 11 wt% improves green strength but increases binder removal time and can leave carbon residue at the buried electrode interface, while below 5 wt% the tape cannot survive automatic sheet handling without edge cracking.
Solvent-based wood primers based on Mowital G 36 are applied to oak, walnut, meranti, and teak before 2K PU or acid-curing topcoats where tannin bleed and intercoat adhesion are production bottlenecks. The primer formulation contains Mowital G 36 at 5–8 wt% of total liquid, combined with a ketonic resin or short-oil alkyd at 10–15 wt% and a low-free-urethane filler package. A 60–80 g/m² wet film is applied by air-assisted spray at 0.25–0.35 MPa, flashed off for 10–15 min at 20–25 °C, and then sanded with P320–P400 aluminum oxide paper before topcoating. Dry film thickness is held at 8–12 μm; below 8 μm tannin blocking becomes inconsistent, while above 15 μm the primer contributes to grain telegraphing. Cross-cut adhesion on oak after 24 h recovery is assessed under ASTM D3359 with class 4B or better required; chemical resistance of the finished composite is tested under DIN EN 12720 for cold liquids. Production lines handling naturally oily woods incorporate a pre-dewaxing step with acetone or a proprietary degreaser before primer application. End-use parts are interior furniture, solid wood doors, and kitchen cabinet fronts.
Heat-activated film adhesives for aluminum honeycomb edge reinforcement and thermoplastic interior panel lamination use Mowital G 36 as a thermoplastic modifier in B-staged epoxy/PVB films where the PVB fraction provides tack, film flexibility, and flow control during press consolidation. The B-staged adhesive film is cast from a solvent mixture onto silicone release paper at 150–250 g/m² dry coat weight; Mowital G 36 content is 12–22 wt% of dried film, combined with 30–45 wt% solid epoxy resin, 3–5 wt% dicyandiamide, and 1–2 wt% fumed silica thixotrope. Lamination of aluminium skins to aramid or aluminium honeycomb core is performed at 130–150 °C under 0.3–0.5 MPa for 45–60 min, followed by cooling under pressure to 40 °C before demoulding. Lap shear specimens machined from bonded aluminium adherends are tested under ASTM D1002, and peel specimens under ISO 11339, with failure-mode documentation of cohesive versus adhesive separation. Long-term moisture resistance is screened through ISO 9142 conditioning. Processing incompatibility is observed with aliphatic amine curatives at press temperatures above 120 °C, where premature vinyl ring opening can reduce film shelf life; dicyandiamide-based systems are preferred. Terminal articles include lightweight interior panels, truck body closures, and aluminium honeycomb furniture panels.
Ceramic frit screen-printing pastes for architectural spandrel glass and automotive black obscuration bands use Mowital G 36 as a binder in the organic vehicle because its depolymerization off-gas leaves no ash in the fired enamel layer. The paste is prepared with Mowital G 36 at 8–14 wt% of total paste, a low-melting glass frit at 55–70 wt%, pigment at 10–20 wt%, and high-boiling ester/alcohol solvents; rheology is adjusted to 30–50 Pa·s at 20 s⁻¹ for stainless steel mesh counts from 180–250 threads per inch. Screen printing is performed at 0.3–0.6 MPa squeegee pressure with 45–60° squeegee angle, followed by forced-air drying at 120–150 °C for 5–10 min. Firing on tempering lines uses a peak glass surface temperature of 620–680 °C for 3–8 min, during which the organic vehicle must volatilize below 450 °C; residual carbon above 0.05 wt% in the fired enamel causes pinholes and reduces acid resistance. Fired enamels are tested for adhesion under ISO 2409, and final heat-treated glass is specified under EN 12150 or ASTM C1048. Terminal products include spandrel glass panels, automotive windshield black frit bands, and decorative glass tableware.
Metal injection moulding feedstock for 316L stainless steel and low-alloy steels uses Mowital G 36 as a secondary binder to raise green strength and maintain shape during catalytic or solvent debinding of the primary wax. The feedstock is compounded with Mowital G 36 at 2–5 wt% of total feedstock mass; primary binder is a paraffin wax/polyolefin system at 6–9 wt%, and the remainder is gas-atomized metal powder at D90 ≤ 16 μm. Kneading is performed in a sigma-blade or twin-screw mixer at 130–150 °C for 60–90 min under nitrogen blanket to prevent oxidative degradation. After injection at 100–130 °C and 60–80 MPa holding pressure, solvent debinding in n-heptane at 40–60 °C removes the primary wax fraction over 4–12 h; overexposure beyond 12 h can swell the PVB phase and initiate cracking in thin-wall parts. Thermal debinding proceeds through a heating ramp of 1–2 K/min to 350–450 °C, held for 60–120 min under flowing 95:5 nitrogen-hydrogen; final sintering follows at 1350–1380 °C for 316L. Carbon control is audited to ≤0.03 wt% residual carbon per ASTM B883-19 MIM material specification. End products are watchcase components, surgical instrument parts, and automotive sensor housings.
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Mowital G 36 is a granulated polyvinyl butyral resin supplied by Kuraray Co., Ltd. for solvent-borne binders in printing inks, heat-seal lacquers, structural adhesives, ceramic green sheet formulations, and crosslinkable wood coatings. The grade is defined by a nominal viscosity number of 36 cm³/g determined by capillary viscometry in a 5 wt% solution in ethanol/toluene 60:40 at 20°C according to ISO 1628-1:2021. Residual polyvinyl alcohol content is specified as 18–22 wt% by DIN 53240-1, residual polyvinyl acetate as ≤2.5 wt% by saponification, and glass transition temperature as 68–72°C by ISO 11357-2:2020. The resin dissolves in ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, and selected glycol ethers; dissolution in a 10–15 wt% solids solution is typically carried out with a high-shear dissolver at 5–8 m/s tip speed, followed by maturation at 20°C for 4–24 h to stabilize solution rheology. The product is insoluble in water and aliphatic hydrocarbons, which allows solvent release without uncontrolled swelling in final films.
The analytical profile of Mowital G 36 is controlled within the following representative quality-control windows. These values are not standalone acceptance limits; batch certificates should be consulted for release testing. Moisture values above 1.0 wt% require pre-drying at 60°C for 2–4 h in a dehumidified air dryer to prevent viscosity drift, bubble entrapment, and surface roughness in cast films.
| Parameter | Analytical method | Representative range |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal viscosity number | ISO 1628-1:2021 | 34–38 cm³/g |
| Residual polyvinyl alcohol content | DIN 53240-1 | 18–22 wt% |
| Residual polyvinyl acetate content | Saponification method | ≤2.5 wt% |
| Glass transition temperature | ISO 11357-2:2020 | 68–72°C |
| Moisture content | ISO 15512:2019 | ≤1.5 wt% |
| Ash content | ISO 3451-1:2019 | ≤0.1 wt% |
| Specific gravity | ISO 1183-1:2019 | 1.08–1.12 |
| Bulk density | ISO 60:2023 | 0.40–0.60 g/cm³ |
| Melt flow rate | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 6–10 g/10 min at 190°C/2.16 kg |
Bulk density within the listed range influences loss-in-weight feeder calibration on continuous compounding and dissolving lines. For gravimetric dosing systems, feed screw speed should be adjusted when bulk density shifts by more than ±0.05 g/cm³. The ash content below 0.1 wt% minimizes insoluble residues in high-clarity coating films and reduces defects during ceramic tape casting.
In coating knife application, the product is commonly prepared as a 12 wt% solution in methyl ethyl ketone/toluene 70:30. Filtration through a 10–20 µm bag filter is recommended before coating because undissolved gel particles from high-molecular-weight fractions can otherwise produce comets on gravure and flexographic substrates. Solution viscosity measured by ISO 2555 at 20°C should be checked before solvent adjustment; a viscosity drift exceeding ±5% within 24 h generally indicates residual moisture or incomplete dissolution.
The numerical designation 36 places the grade between low-viscosity PVB resins with nominal viscosity numbers near 30 cm³/g and high-viscosity resins near 60 cm³/g. At equal solution solids, Mowital G 36 produces higher cohesive film strength than a 30 cm³/g grade while requiring less solvent than a 60 cm³/g grade to reach press viscosity. This intermediate position is relevant for flexographic and gravure ink formulations that must retain resolubility at the press without excessive dilution. The granular delivery form also differs from fine-powder B-series grades in automated dosing; granulate flow reduces dusting and improves feeding consistency in loss-in-weight systems.
Residual polyvinyl alcohol content of 18–22 wt% contributes to adhesion on glass, aluminium, and corona-treated polyester. The corresponding hydroxyl groups are available for crosslinking with isocyanate or phenolic hardeners. Residual polyvinyl acetate is kept below 2.5 wt%, which narrows the composition window that produces haze or phase separation in alcohol-rich solvent blends. Compared with higher PVAc grades, Mowital G 36 exhibits lower plasticization from residual acetate units and therefore a stiffer dried film at equivalent plasticizer loading.
| Feature | Mowital G 36 | Low-viscosity PVB series | High-viscosity PVB series |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal viscosity number | 36 cm³/g | 30 cm³/g | 60 cm³/g |
| Delivery form | Granulate | Fine powder | Fine powder |
| Solvent demand at fixed application viscosity | Moderate | Lower | Higher |
| Cohesive film strength | Intermediate | Lower | Higher |
| Typical processing window | Inks, adhesives, tape casting | Wash primers, thin coatings | Laminated glass, heavy-duty primers |
Published data for direct film-property comparisons among all commercial grades is limited, particularly for plasticized and crosslinked systems. Plant evaluation should therefore include side-by-side viscosity curves, adhesion pull-off testing, and solvent-release measurements rather than relying solely on viscosity number. In a 150 L planetary dissolver, replacing a 30 cm³/g powder with Mowital G 36 at equal binder solids increases solution viscosity by approximately 20–40%; this shift must be compensated by adjusting the solvent blend or reducing binder content to maintain application viscosity.
In flexographic ink manufacturing, Mowital G 36 is dispersed with pigment at 10–15 wt% binder solids using a dissolver and subsequently milled on a bead mill to a fineness of grind below 10 µm according to ISO 1524:2020. Press viscosity is typically adjusted with ethyl acetate/ethanol 70:30 to 20–25 s in a DIN 53211 flow cup with a 4 mm nozzle. Reduction at the press should not exceed 10–15 wt% of the finished ink because excessive dilution reduces binder concentration at the substrate surface and can cause ink rub-off or loss of adhesion on non-porous films. On a central-impression flexographic press running at 120–250 m/min, the grade contributes to resolubility in the anilox cells while retaining transfer stability after solvent evaporation.
For ceramic green sheet production, a tape-casting slurry is prepared with ceramic powder at 55–65 wt% solids and Mowital G 36 at 6–10 wt% based on ceramic powder. Mixing is carried out in a planetary mixer under vacuum at 500 mbar to remove entrained air, followed by filtration through a 25 µm screen. Tape casting is performed with a doctor blade gap of 0.3–1.2 mm and carrier speed of 0.4–1.5 m/min. Drying at 80–120°C with controlled dew point below 10°C prevents skinning and residual solvent pockets. Green tensile strength is measured according to ASTM D638-14 after conditioning at 23°C and 50% RH for 24 h; acceptable green strength depends on ceramic powder surface area, binder loading, and plasticizer type.
In structural adhesive and heat-seal applications, Mowital G 36 is dissolved at 10 wt% in methyl ethyl ketone/toluene and applied to aluminium or PET with a wire-wound rod. Lap shear specimens are bonded according to ASTM D1002-10(2019). Crosslinking with an aliphatic polyisocyanate at 5–15 wt% on binder solids improves moisture resistance and creep resistance at elevated temperature. The working pot life of crosslinked formulations should be verified by viscosity rise; an increase of 50% at 23°C is a practical endpoint for coating rejection in continuous roll coating.
Stored granulate should be kept below 25°C and below 60% RH. Contact with strong acids below pH 2 or strong bases above pH 10 can hydrolyse the acetal linkages, leading to molecular weight reduction, side-chain liberation, and loss of film toughness. The product should not be processed from packages left open in uncontrolled humidity because moisture uptake above 1.5 wt% alters solution viscosity and film clarity. Published data for long-term stability after exposure to amine-based additives is limited; amine-catalysed hydrolysis is possible in hot aqueous or high-pH systems. Plant trials should include viscosity, particle size, and adhesion panels before full-scale substitution.
