| HS Code | 122205 |
| Product Name | GOHSENOL KL-03 |
| Chemical Family | Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow granular solid |
| Viscosity 4 Aqueous Solution At 20 C | 3.0 - 3.8 mPa·s |
| Degree Of Hydrolysis | 79.5 - 81.5 mol% |
| Ph 4 Aqueous Solution | 5.0 - 7.0 |
| Ash Content | 0.3% max |
| Volatile Content | 5.0% max |
| Average Degree Of Polymerization | 300 |
| Molecular Weight | Approximately 13,000 |
As an accredited GOHSENOL KL-03 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | GOHSENOL KL-03 polyvinyl alcohol is supplied in 25 kg multi-wall paper bags with an inner liner. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading of GOHSENOL KL-03: palletized bags securely stowed, protected from moisture, ensuring safe transport. |
| Shipping | GOHSENOL KL-03, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, ships as a non-hazardous dry powder in sealed multi-layer bags. Keep packages dry and protected from moisture, as product absorbs water. Avoid dust generation; use ventilated containers. Store away from direct heat and incompatible materials. No special dangerous-goods declaration required under standard transport regulations. |
| Storage | Store GOHSENOL KL-03 in its original, tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from moisture, direct sunlight, and excessive heat. Keep away from ignition sources and incompatible substances. Avoid generating dust during handling. Ensure containers remain closed when not in use to maintain product quality and prevent contamination. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life: 2 years when stored unopened in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and direct sunlight. |
In vinyl acetate and vinyl acetate-ethylene emulsion polymerisation lines, GOHSENOL KL-03 functions as a partially hydrolysed protective colloid with a 4% aqueous solution viscosity of 3.0–3.7 mPa·s at 20°C and a degree of hydrolysis of 78.5–82.0 mol% determined according to JIS K6726. The polymer is pre-dissolved in deionised water at 60–65°C under low-shear agitation before being charged into the reactor. Uncontrolled addition can create gel particles that persist in the final dispersion. In a typical vinyl acetate homopolymer protocol, 2.0–6.0 parts of KL-03 per 100 parts vinyl acetate monomer are used. The initiator is introduced separately at 0.2–0.5 wt% on monomer. Reaction temperature is maintained between 70°C and 80°C during the 3–4 h delayed monomer feed. Chain transfer to the partially acetylated backbone produces grafted PVAc branches at the particle interface. The graft architecture reduces coalescence and controls mean particle diameter without excessive low-molecular-weight surfactant. High-solids emulsions at 55–60% solids remain pourable because the low-viscosity colloid does not impose a high continuous-phase viscosity. The resulting polyvinyl acetate dispersion is used in EN 204 D3 and D4 wood adhesives, packaging adhesives, and nonwoven binders. Compliance for food-contact adhesive applications falls under 21 CFR 175.105. Workplace exposure and registration obligations are managed under REACH.
Process bottlenecks on production-scale kettles usually appear as batch-to-batch viscosity drift when the KL-03 solution is prepared too far in advance. Solutions stored above 40°C for more than 8 h can undergo slow molecular aggregation. Filtration through a 150 µm mesh before reactor charging reduces fish-eye defects. The protective colloid efficiency also depends on the vinyl acetate-ethylene pressure profile. In VAE runs at 30–50 bar ethylene pressure, KL-03 is typically reduced to 2.0–4.0 parts per 100 parts monomer. The low-viscosity grade permits a higher pre-emulsion water phase without destabilising the initial seed stage. Batch records show that replacing a 20 mPa·s partially hydrolysed PVOH with KL-03 can lower final emulsion viscosity by 15–30% at equivalent solids. Published data for specific graft ratios in continuous loop reactors is limited. Continuous stirred-tank reactor lines require more precise feed control. The KL-03 solution is delivered at 25–35°C to avoid thermal degradation in the feed line.
Surface sizing of inkjet and release papers with KL-03 is usually conducted at 3–6 wt% solution concentration in a heated size press or film press. The size solution is held at 50–60°C to prevent viscosity build-up. Because the viscosity of KL-03 at 4% solids is 3.0–3.7 mPa·s, the wet pick-up on a metered size press is controlled primarily by rod pressure or gate opening rather than by polymer molecular weight. Converted paper grades demand a Cobb 60 s water absorptiveness value below 25 g/m². Surface strength is evaluated under ISO 3783 using an IGT-type pick test. Adding 0.5–2.0 dry parts of KL-03 per 100 dry parts oxidised starch improves surface strength without a parallel rise in size bath viscosity. The low ash content, typically below 0.4% under JIS K6726, is relevant for archival and thermal base papers where ionic residues accelerate print head corrosion or image fading.
On a 900 m/min fine paper machine, the limiting factor is usually splashing at the transfer nip. Formulators compensate by reducing starch concentration and increasing KL-03 to maintain target pickup. The ratio must remain within the shear-stability window of the metering rod. Excessive KL-03 above 2.5 dry parts per 100 dry parts starch can produce a size film with high elongation but lower initial wet tack. This trade-off is specific to blade coaters where the precoat must absorb an aqueous topcoat without blistering. Food-contact paper and board produced with KL-03 falls under 21 CFR 176.170. Compliance testing for extractives in hot water and heptane is performed according to FDA guidance. The end products include envelope papers, inkjet matte papers, and glassine release bases. Published data for high-speed film press runnability across all base sheet porosities is limited.
In dry-pressed technical ceramics, KL-03 is added as a temporary organic binder at 0.5–3.0 wt% based on dry ceramic powder. The polymer is first dissolved in water at 20–25°C to form a 5–10 wt% stock solution. The stock solution is added to the ceramic slip after wet milling but before spray drying. Spray dryer inlet temperatures between 180°C and 220°C evaporate water without thermally degrading the partially hydrolysed backbone. The resulting granulate has a moisture content below 1.0%. Green bodies pressed at 60–120 MPa require a three-point flexural strength above 3 MPa for subsequent CNC green machining. The low-viscosity KL-03 solution distributes across fine alumina and zirconia particles more evenly than higher-viscosity PVOH grades. This uniformity reduces intergranular binder pooling. Binder pooling creates differential shrinkage during sintering.
Burnout profiles are critical. The temperature is ramped at 1–2 K/min from 150°C to 450°C in air. Residual carbon after burnout must stay below 0.05 wt% for dielectric oxides. KL-03 contributes to ash content below 0.4% under JIS K6726. The actual residue in the ceramic depends on the total loading. High-carbon residues suppress densification in barium titanate formulations. Green strength is measured by ASTM C1161-18 for advanced ceramics at ambient temperature. The final components include alumina substrates, multilayer ceramic capacitor dielectric layers, and zirconia oxygen sensors. No specific restriction under RoHS applies to the binder because it is removed before sintering. In clean-room tape-casting lines, the solution is filtered through a 10 µm absolute filter to remove gel specks. Unfiltered solutions can leave crater defects in green sheets.
Warp yarn slasher operations running polyester–cotton blends require a size liquor containing KL-03 at 5–10 wt% total solids. The KL-03 fraction is typically 20–35% of total size solids. Size liquor is applied on a slasher in a 90–95°C sizing box. The low viscosity of KL-03 permits deep yarn penetration. This penetration anchors the size film inside the yarn structure rather than only forming a surface shell. A surface shell can shatter under high-speed air-jet weft insertion. Sized yarn tensile strength is tested under ISO 2062. Size add-on for medium-count cotton-blend yarns is maintained at 8–14%. Desizing efficiency is checked with hot water at 70–90°C in a continuous desizing range. Because KL-03 is partially hydrolysed, it dissolves more readily at low temperatures than fully hydrolysed PVOH. This reduces energy demand in the desizing step.
The main process conflict occurs at the squeeze roll. High KL-03 content can reduce size liquor viscosity below the minimum needed for uniform film transfer. Add-on variation across the warp width above 1.5 percentage points increases loom stops. The size formulation must be adjusted for warp yarn hairiness measured before sizing. A hairiness index increase above 10% after sizing indicates insufficient encapsulation. End products include woven apparel fabrics, home textile sheeting, and workwear. Compliance is managed through REACH and ZDHC wastewater guidelines. The polymer itself is not a halogenated solvent and does not generate adsorbable organic halogen in desizing effluent. Published data comparing KL-03 with fully hydrolysed grades on air-jet loom efficiency at speeds above 1000 picks/min is limited.
For water-remoistenable envelope seals and packaging tapes, KL-03 is applied as an 8–12 wt% aqueous solution. Plasticisers such as glycerin or polyethylene glycol are added at 5–15 wt% on dry polymer to prevent film embrittlement. The coating is applied by direct gravure or wire-wound rod at 80–120 m/min. Drying is carried out in a hot-air tunnel at 80–120°C. Dry coat weight is controlled between 2.0 g/m² and 5.0 g/m². The dry film must remain non-blocking in stack storage at 40°C and 80% relative humidity. Blocking is evaluated by placing coated paper under a pressure of 20 kPa for 24 h. The force required to separate sheets is measured after conditioning. Bond strength after remoistening is confirmed by fibre tear of the paper substrate. The pass/fail criterion is a paper fibre tear of at least 90% of the bonded area. Moistened peel adhesion is evaluated by a modified ASTM D903 method at 180° peel angle.
A production failure mode is re-wetting too early in the mailing insert line. If the remoistenable film absorbs moisture above 3.0% water by mass, it becomes tacky and causes jams. The low-viscosity KL-03 solution penetrates porous envelope paper faster than a higher-viscosity PVOH. This improves anchorage but can cause strike-through on lightweight base papers. Strike-through is controlled by adding 0.5–1.0% of a compatible starch or clay to the coating. Food-contact envelope applications fall under 21 CFR 175.105. Paper packaging uses 21 CFR 176.170. The end products include banknote bands, confectionery packaging seals, and pharmaceutical insert seals.
Aqueous tape casting lines producing dielectric green sheets add KL-03 at 2.0–6.0 g per 100 g dry powder. The polymer is dissolved at 20–25°C before addition. The slip is de-aired under vacuum to remove bubbles before casting. A doctor blade gap of 100–500 µm is used. The cast green tape is dried at 60–80°C. Slip viscosity is maintained between 1000 mPa·s and 3000 mPa·s at 10 s⁻¹. KL-03 provides shear-thinning behaviour without the need for high doses of synthetic dispersant. The binder must burn out completely before the ceramic sinters. A two-stage burnout holds the tape at 350°C for 1 h and then ramps to 550°C. Thermogravimetric analysis of the dried binder film shows decomposition between 250°C and 450°C in air.
Tape quality is assessed by pin-hole tests on a light table. Green tensile strength is measured according to ASTM D882, modified for green ceramic tape. Green elongation above 2.0% is required for roll-to-roll handling. A common defect is edge curl after drying. Edge curl indicates non-uniform binder migration during solvent evaporation. Reducing the drying air velocity below 2 m/s in the first zone reduces migration. The final components are multilayer ceramic capacitor green sheets, LTCC substrates, and solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte tapes. Compliance for binder removal emissions is governed by local thermal oxidiser permits. No persistent organic pollutant is formed from complete oxidation of the PVOH backbone.
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GOHSENOL KL-03 is a low-viscosity, partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) grade supplied as a white to off-white granular powder. Under JIS K6726:1994, the manufacturer’s typical values are a 4% aqueous solution viscosity of 3.0–4.0 mPa·s at 20°C, a degree of hydrolysis of 78.5–81.5 mol%, volatile matter not exceeding 5.0%, and ash expressed as Na₂O not exceeding 0.3%. The grade is classified as partially hydrolyzed PVOH with a low degree of polymerization; residual acetate groups along the vinyl alcohol backbone reduce interchain hydrogen bonding and crystallinity, giving cold-water solubility and low aqueous-phase thickening efficiency. This combination places KL-03 between very low-viscosity specialty grades and medium-viscosity partially hydrolyzed grades, with sufficient acetate substitution to disrupt gelation while retaining a measurable film-forming function.
In storage and handling, GOHSENOL KL-03 is hygroscopic and should be kept in sealed containers below 30°C and below 60% RH to prevent lumping and moisture uptake. Solution preparation is performed by metering the powder into the vortex of a stainless-steel dissolver equipped with a Cowles blade at 300–600 rpm. Addition above 5 kg/min in cold water without sufficient turbulence produces fisheyes—gel-coated agglomerates that require post-shear or filtration. A 4% batch in a 1000 L jacketed tank at 20–25°C typically reaches complete dissolution within 30–45 min; heating to 80–90°C shortens dissolution but is not required because the grade is cold-water soluble.
The primary performance distinction between KL-03 and medium-viscosity partially hydrolyzed KH-17 is the viscosity of the standard 4% aqueous solution. KL-03 is specified at 3.0–4.0 mPa·s, while KH-17 is specified at 17.0–20.0 mPa·s under JIS K6726:1994. This difference corresponds to a lower degree of polymerization for KL-03, which reduces thickening efficiency, film tensile strength, and resistance to mechanical shear. NH-18 differs in hydrolysis level: its degree of hydrolysis is 98.0–99.0 mol%, which produces stronger hydrogen bonding, higher crystallinity, and higher hot-water resistance but requires heating for complete dissolution. The following table compares representative manufacturer-published ranges for the three grades.
| Grade | Hydrolysis degree (mol%) | 4% solution viscosity at 20°C (mPa·s) | pH | Volatile matter (%) | Ash as Na₂O (%) |
| GOHSENOL KL-03 | 78.5–81.5 | 3.0–4.0 | 5.0–7.0 | ≤5.0 | ≤0.3 |
| GOHSENOL KH-17 | 78.5–81.5 | 17.0–20.0 | 5.0–7.0 | ≤5.0 | ≤0.3 |
| GOHSENOL NH-18 | 98.0–99.0 | 16.0–20.0 | 5.0–7.0 | ≤5.0 | ≤0.3 |
The low viscosity of KL-03 does not indicate lower adhesion in all cases; it permits higher solution solids while maintaining pumpable viscosity. For film applications, tensile strength measured under ASTM D882-18 is lower than for KH-17 and NH-18, and water sensitivity is greater than for fully hydrolyzed NH-18. The grade is therefore selected when processing viscosity, cold-water solubility, or high-solids formulation capacity is more critical than final film mechanical property or moisture resistance.
The fivefold viscosity difference between KL-03 and KH-17 originates primarily from lower chain length and reduced entanglement density rather than from a difference in hydrolysis level. In aqueous solution, the partially hydrolyzed structure retains random acetate groups that act as internal spacers, slowing the development of the hydrogen-bonded network responsible for time-dependent viscosity increase in fully hydrolyzed PVOH. As a result, 4–8% solutions of KL-03 remain more stable against gelation at 20–25°C than NH-18 solutions of equivalent solids. This solution-stability profile is evaluated by measuring Brookfield viscosity after 24 h and 48 h quiescent storage; published data for KL-03 under these conditions is limited, and stability should be confirmed on the production batch.
In emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers, GOHSENOL KL-03 is evaluated as a protective colloid at 2.0–5.0 phr on total monomer. Its low aqueous-phase viscosity permits higher reactor solids before the external phase becomes pump-limited. In a 12 m³ stainless-steel reactor with a 45° pitched-blade turbine at 80–120 rpm, replacement of a medium-viscosity protective colloid with KL-03 can reduce final latex Brookfield viscosity at 55% solids by 30–50%, although published data for this specific configuration is limited and the magnitude depends on particle size distribution and comonomer composition. The residual acetate content modifies graft reaction kinetics and latex particle stability; at the upper addition level, the thinner barrier layer may lead to higher coagulum if mixing is insufficient. Reactor fouling on thermowells and cooling coils can increase when protective colloid concentration is reduced below 2.0 phr, and batch-to-batch coagulum should be tracked against agitator torque and cooling-water differential temperature.
Coated paper and paperboard precoat formulations use GOHSENOL KL-03 as a water-retention agent and pigment binder at 0.5–1.5 parts per 100 parts pigment. The low-viscosity grade allows coating color solids of 60–65% to be maintained without exceeding 1200–1500 mPa·s Brookfield viscosity at 100 rpm; this improves runnability on blade coaters and reduces blade pressure fluctuations. Water retention is evaluated with a pressurized gravimetric water retention device at 0.5 bar; published data for KL-03 in high-solids calcium carbonate/kaolin systems is limited, and the required addition level should be established on the specific coating color circulation line. Because KL-03 contributes less viscosity than KH-17, high-speed blade coaters may require an additional rheology modifier to control dilatancy and blade streaking. The relationship between low Brookfield viscosity and water retention is not linear; water retention depends on the concentration of dissolved polymer in the continuous phase and its interaction with pigment surfaces, not solely on bulk viscosity.
Textile warp sizing lines blend GOHSENOL KL-03 with starch or high-viscosity PVOH at 10–30% of total binder to reduce size-box viscosity and improve penetration into compact cotton yarns. A slasher box operating at 80–85°C can carry 8–12% add-on by dry yarn weight; penetration is verified by desize weight loss after scouring. The low molecular weight of KL-03 reduces film toughness, and for high-speed weaving of synthetic filament yarns a higher-viscosity grade may be required to prevent excessive warp breaks. Size-box viscosity is monitored with a Brookfield LV viscometer at 60 rpm; when the blend exceeds 100–200 mPa·s, the proportion of KL-03 can be increased or mixing temperature reduced.
In water-based flexographic inks and overprint varnishes, GOHSENOL KL-03 may be used as a low-viscosity film former and pigment wetting aid at 3–10% of the finished formulation. The cold-water-soluble grade reduces the resin solution viscosity contribution and allows formulation solids to be raised without exceeding printing-press viscosity limits of 25–35 s on a Zahn #2 cup. However, the low degree of polymerization limits resistance to wet rub and alkali attack compared with fully hydrolyzed PVOH or acrylic emulsion binders. Printability trials should therefore include Sutherland rub testing and pH-adjusted immersion resistance rather than relying on film hardness alone.
Remoistenable adhesive coatings based on GOHSENOL KL-03 are dissolved at 10–20% solids and applied by roll coater or wire-wound rod. The cold-water solubility eliminates the 90–95°C cook stage required for fully hydrolyzed NH-18; drying at 70–90°C in a tunnel dryer produces a non-blocking film that can be reactivated with water. Coating weight is controlled by solids and coat line speed; excessive film thickness causes cohesive failure and irregular tack. The lower molecular weight reduces dried-film tensile strength and increases moisture absorption relative to NH-18, so KL-03 is specified for remoistenable paper coatings where fast cold-water tack is prioritized over dry film strength. Compatibility with borax or boric acid is limited; addition of borax at alkaline pH raises viscosity and can generate localized gel particles in high-solids adhesive mixes.
Regulatory status for GOHSENOL KL-03 must be verified against the supplier’s product stewardship declaration for the specific lot. The grade should not be assumed suitable for direct food-contact use unless the manufacturer has issued an explicit statement referencing FDA 21 CFR 175.300, FDA 21 CFR 176.170, or FDA 21 CFR 176.180 as applicable. Registration under REACH should be confirmed before import into the European Economic Area. Industrial hygiene controls for dust exposure should follow local occupational exposure limits for insoluble particulates; the powder should be transferred in a bag dump station with local exhaust ventilation to avoid slippery dust accumulation on floors. No occupational exposure limit specific to GOHSENOL KL-03 has been established; exposure controls are directed at total and respirable dust fractions. The grade is not intended for use in medical devices or pharmaceutical excipients without specific qualification.
