| HS Code | 514024 |
| Manufacturer | Yingkou Tianyuan |
| Model | TB-03TS |
| Product Type | AC current transducer |
| Input Current Range | 0-3 A AC |
| Output Signal | 0-5 V DC |
| Auxiliary Power Supply | DC 24 V (±10%) |
| Accuracy Class | 0.5 |
| Rated Frequency | 50/60 Hz |
| Isolation Voltage | 2000 V AC for 1 minute |
| Response Time | ≤300 ms |
| Operating Temperature | -10°C to +50°C |
| Mounting Method | DIN rail |
As an accredited Yingkou Tianyuan TB-03TS factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Yingkou Tianyuan TB-03TS is packaged in 25 kg net multi-layer paper bags with an inner polyethylene liner, on pallets. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading for Yingkou Tianyuan TB-03TS chemical, ensuring secure, compliant packing and safe transport. |
| Shipping | Yingkou Tianyuan TB-03TS is a titanate coupling agent supplied as a liquid. Ship as non-dangerous goods—no UN number required. Pack in sealed 25 kg pails, 200 kg drums, or IBC totes, strapped securely to pallets. Keep containers dry, away from moisture, direct sunlight, and high temperatures. Handle with standard PPE, including gloves and eye protection. |
| Storage | Store Yingkou Tianyuan TB-03TS in its original, tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from direct sunlight, moisture, and high temperatures. Keep away from open flames, sparks, and incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers or acids. Follow manufacturer instructions and ensure appropriate handling to maintain stability. Avoid prolonged storage after opening. |
| Shelf Life | The shelf life of Yingkou Tianyuan TB-03TS is typically one year when stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. |
For chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) and rigid PVC pipe and fittings processed on counter-rotating twin-screw extruders, Yingkou Tianyuan TB-03TS is typically added at 2.5–4.0 phr in the hot mixer at 110–120 °C before cooling to 40 °C. The material functions primarily as a hydrogen chloride scavenger; the tribasic lead sulfate lattice provides four lead centres per formula unit that convert dehydrochlorination products into lead chloride and water, thereby delaying autocatalytic degradation. Long-term stabilisation is required because pipe extrusion operates at melt temperatures of 180–200 °C and residence times can exceed 2 min in the barrel and die head. Addition below 2.0 phr produces early yellowing in thick-wall sections, while addition above 5.0 phr increases opacity, plate-out, and stabiliser cost without proportional thermal stability benefit. The compound is extruded through a die head with a screen pack of 40–60 mesh; metal contaminants from calcium carbonate filler are often the source of instability, not TB-03TS. Pipes are qualified under ISO 1452-2:2009 or ASTM D1785; lead-containing stabilisers are restricted in potable water contact applications in the EU by REACH Annex XVII Entry 63, so these formulations are used only where local regulation permits and not for EU drinking water pipes.
Because flexible PVC insulation is processed at lower melt temperatures but must retain volume resistivity after water immersion, TB-03TS is loaded at 3–6 phr together with 35–50 phr dioctyl phthalate or diisodecyl phthalate and 5–15 phr calcined clay. The stabiliser is premixed with part of the plasticiser before full fluxing to avoid undispersed stabiliser particles that create dielectric faults; this is performed in a high-speed mixer with plasticiser absorption at 90–110 °C. In a twin-screw or Banbury compounding line, the melt temperature is held at 160–180 °C. Lead stabilisers provide the long-term thermal stability required for continuous extrusion at thin wall thicknesses, but they do not improve flame retardancy and must be combined with antimony trioxide or other FR systems where fire performance is required. The electrical resistivity of the PVC compound after 7 days water immersion at 70 °C should remain above 1×10¹² Ω·m under IEC 62631-3-1; formulation stability is one factor in maintaining this value. Cables are tested under IEC 60227-1 or BS 6746; RoHS 2011/65/EU prohibits lead in electrical and electronic equipment above the 0.1 wt% homogeneous material threshold, so TB-03TS is not suitable for RoHS-compliant cable exported to the EU. Pre-drying of the stabiliser is required at 80 °C for 2 h if the powder has been exposed to relative humidity above 60%; free moisture causes porosity in the insulation wall and can reduce dielectric strength.
In window profiles and building profiles processed from PVC-U dry blends, TB-03TS is used at 3–5 phr with calcium-zinc or dibasic lead phosphite co-stabilisers. The stabiliser is incorporated in the heating/cooling mixer sequence with a hot-mix discharge temperature of 110–125 °C and a cold-mix discharge of 35–45 °C. The main process variable is shear heating in the counter-rotating twin-screw extruder; melt temperatures should remain below 205 °C to prevent pre-crosslinking and yellowing, even though TB-03TS continues HCl scavenging. Colour stability is assessed by static oven ageing at 190 °C in a Mathis oven; a 3 phr TB-03TS system typically delays Congo red indicator colour change beyond 60–90 min, though published data for this exact grade is limited. The profile surface is inspected for plate-out because lead sulphate can contribute to die build-up if the lubricant balance is incorrect. Profiles are qualified under EN 12608-1:2016 or ASTM D4726. Lead-stabilised profiles are excluded from EU voluntary commitments and from building projects requiring LEED v4 or BREEAM material credits.
PVC foamed board and Celuka-profile sheet production uses TB-03TS at 3–5 phr, but the stabiliser selection interacts with azodicarbonamide exothermic blowing agent decomposition at 160–200 °C. The lead salt scavenges HCl released as the blowing agent and processing temperatures degrade the matrix, thereby reducing cell coalescence and surface yellowing. In a twin-screw foam extrusion line with a screw diameter of 65–80 mm and an L/D 36:1 configuration, the melt is cooled to 150–160 °C before the die lip; TB-03TS increases melt viscosity slightly, which assists gas retention when the formulation contains 0.5–1.5 phr azodicarbonamide and 8–12 phr calcium carbonate. Board density of 0.45–0.65 g/cm³ is measured under ISO 845:2006. Moisture on the stabiliser must be controlled below 0.5%; otherwise steam pinholes appear in the skin. The product is used in signage, construction formwork, and partition panels where lead-containing formulations are accepted under local industrial occupational health rules. Published data specific to TB-03TS in Celuka foaming is limited; compounders should validate gas yield against a reference stabiliser package before scale-up.
For cable sheathing compounds that must pass low-temperature impact and long-term heat ageing, TB-03TS is combined with dibasic lead phosphite and lead stearate. Dosage is 1.5–2.5 phr TB-03TS, 1.0–2.0 phr dibasic lead phosphite, and 0.3–0.8 phr lead stearate as lubricant. The phosphite component suppresses colour during the early stages of PVC degradation, while the tribasic lead sulfate provides a buffering reserve for extended HCl scavenging. Compounding is performed in an internal mixer with a drop temperature of 160–170 °C, then sheeted on a two-roll mill at 150–160 °C. The finished compound is granulated and extruded onto copper conductors with a drawdown ratio between 1.2:1 and 1.8:1 to prevent shrinkback. Sheaths are aged at 100 °C for 168 h under IEC 60227-1 or UL 62; tensile retention above 70% is expected in adequately stabilised formulations. Because the lead content of the compound typically exceeds 0.1 wt%, the material is not suitable for EU RoHS-restricted cable types and must be identified under REACH Annex XVII Entry 63 restrictions if exported to the European Economic Area.
During calendering of industrial PVC hoses, gaskets, and sheeting, high plasticiser loadings and external lubricants dilute the scavenging efficiency of TB-03TS. Loading is therefore adjusted to 2.5–4.5 phr for hose compounds with 40–70 phr DINP and 20–40 phr calcium carbonate. The stabiliser is dispersed first in a high-speed mixer with part of the plasticiser to form a slurry that wets the PVC grain; this prevents the formation of lead-rich specks in the calendered sheet. Calendering is performed at roll temperatures of 160–180 °C, and the stabiliser must be free of coarse particles above 45 µm, because undispersed tribasic lead sulfate creates surface defects visible in thin sheet. The final sheet is tested for tensile strength under ISO 527-3:2018, for Shore A hardness under ISO 48-4:2018, and for compression set under ISO 815-1:2022. The operational boundary is the lead oxide equivalent of TB-03TS, approximately 88–90%, which imposes strict dust controls and prohibits use in food-contact or toy-grade PVC.
In PVC one-pack stabiliser systems, compounders blend TB-03TS with lubricants, antioxidants, and co-stabilisers to produce dust-free granules or flakes. The powder is metered at 20–45 wt% of the one-pack formulation depending on the target end-use: pipe one-packs contain 30–40 wt% TB-03TS, cable one-packs 25–35 wt%, and profile one-packs 20–30 wt%. The blending is carried out in a ploughshare mixer or ribbon blender with a jacket temperature below 50 °C to avoid melting the stearate lubricants. The product’s bulk density and flowability are critical for automatic dosing on extrusion lines; flow through a hopper is measured by ISO 6186:2023 or an equivalent method. The one-pack is added to the PVC dry blend at 4–8 phr total package weight. Occupational exposure is managed by local exhaust ventilation and lead-in-air monitoring; the EU binding occupational exposure limit for lead and inorganic lead compounds is 0.15 mg/m³ as an 8-hour time-weighted average under Directive 98/24/EC and Directive (EU) 2019/983 amending 98/24/EC. Dust control is mandatory because the fine particle size needed for dispersion also increases inhalation risk.
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Yingkou Tianyuan TB-03TS is designated as a surface-treated rutile titanium dioxide pigment distributed under the Tianbai trade designation. The TS suffix is used by the supplier to separate the grade from untreated rutile and general anatase products by specifying an inorganic and organic surface modification package intended for thermoplastic processing. Distributor technical bulletins list nominal release values of TiO₂ content not less than 93.0 wt%, rutile conversion not less than 98.0%, matter volatile at 105°C not more than 0.5 wt%, oil absorption in the range 16–20 g/100 g, and residue on a 45 µm sieve not more than 0.01%. These values are not a contract specification; the current lot certificate should be obtained from the manufacturer. Qualification should be performed against ISO 591-1:2000, Type R2 and ASTM D476-15, Type II because climatic exposure, dispersion method, and downstream resin chemistry shift the acceptable range.
Surface treatment is relevant because unmodified rutile pigments display higher oil absorption and stronger photocatalytic activity. TB-03TS is supplied in the particle-size band typical of commercial rutile pigments, with median aggregate size below 0.5 µm after dispersion. The material should be stored sealed at 15–30°C and protected from moisture; caking has been observed in bulk handling equipment when storage humidity exceeds 60% RH because the organic treatment is hygroscopic. The product is not intended as a dry-powder additive for food-contact polymer use without regulatory confirmation under FDA 21 CFR 178.3297.
Production-scale compounding of white masterbatch containing 60 wt% TB-03TS in LLDPE with a melt index of 20 g/10 min at 190°C/2.16 kg per ISO 1133-1:2022 requires control of side-feed position, screw temperature, and vent vacuum. On a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with 44:1 L/D and side feed at barrel 5, melt temperature is maintained between 190°C and 210°C by limiting screw speed to 500–550 min⁻¹. If the TiO₂ stream is fed through a two-screw side feeder, the use of a 1.5 mm screen pack upstream of the die reduces undispersed pigment agglomerates but raises die pressure by 8–12%. Published lot-specific pressure data for TB-03TS in this configuration is limited; therefore start-up trials should begin at 50 wt% loading and increase incrementally after torque stabilizes.
Moisture control is a processing boundary. The organic polyol/siloxane treatment adsorbs atmospheric water; at 0.3 wt% moisture, melt degassing can generate porosity in cast film and reduce screen pack life. Pre-drying in a desiccant dryer at 80°C for 2–3 h is applied when bulk storage exceeds 60% RH. Avoid direct flame contact and melt temperatures above 240°C in polyolefin masterbatch because organic treatment degradation produces low-level aldehydes that can affect taste-and-odor performance in food packaging. Volatile content should be assessed by heating at 105°C per ISO 787-2:1981; moisture is separately determined by Karl Fischer titration at 150°C.
For rigid PVC profile extrusion, TB-03TS is introduced into the hot dry blend at 3–6 phr together with a calcium-zinc stabilizer and acrylic processing aid. The rutile encapsulation, rather than titanium dioxide content alone, governs weatherability because exposed anatase or uncoated rutile can generate hydroxyl radicals that accelerate polyene formation in unpainted PVC. Comparative color retention is evaluated with ISO 105-A02 and ASTM G154-16 cycles; however, published data for TB-03TS in this exact stabilizer system is limited. The material should not be pre-dispersed with lead-based stabilizers if the final article must meet current EU recycling thresholds; trace lead interaction can mask the color shift caused by TiO₂ photocatalytic activity.
On a counter-rotating twin-screw PVC extruder with 25:1 L/D, melt temperature should be limited to 195°C during profile extrusion. The organic surface treatment degrades above 220°C, and the resulting decomposition products can increase plate-out on calibrator surfaces. Pre-drying at 105°C for 2 h is recommended when raw material storage exceeds 60% RH because surface moisture reduces dry blend flow and increases screw torque.
The grading difference becomes measurable in haze, gel count, and photochemical stability. In polyolefin film formulations, anatase pigments generally exhibit higher oil absorption and higher photocatalytic reactivity; sulfate-process rutile without dense silica deposition may show lower wetting but higher tinting strength. TB-03TS is positioned as a plastic-grade rutile with reduced oil absorption and controlled surface acidity. The following matrix compares typical distributor-reported ranges, not lot-specific guarantees.
| Characteristic | TB-03TS plastic-grade rutile | General-purpose anatase | Sulfate-process rutile interior grade |
|---|---|---|---|
| TiO₂ content per ISO 591-1:2000 | ≥ 93.0 wt% | ≥ 98.0 wt% | ≥ 92.0 wt% |
| Rutile conversion | ≥ 98.0% | < 1% | ≥ 97.0% |
| Oil absorption per ISO 787-5:1980 | 16–20 g/100 g | 20–24 g/100 g | 17–21 g/100 g |
| Photoreactivity | Low; dense alumina/silica encapsulation | High; unencapsulated surface | Medium; limited silica deposition |
| Residue on 45 µm sieve | ≤ 0.01% | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% |
| Recommended melt dilution | 50–70 wt% | 30–50 wt% | 50–60 wt% |
In film extrusion, replacement of a general-purpose anatase grade with TB-03TS typically reduces gel formation, but the exact gel count reduction requires a pilot line because downgauging below 30 µm magnifies dispersion defects. The organic treatment lowers surface energy and shortens wetting time in nonpolar resin melts; contact angle data for this specific grade is not published.
In injection-molded white polypropylene, TB-03TS is metered via masterbatch at 2–4 wt% final pigment content. On a hydraulic injection molding machine with clamp force of 1200 kN, screw back pressure is set to 20–40 bar; insufficient back pressure leaves color streaks because the pigment is not distributively mixed. If the masterbatch contains 60 wt% TB-03TS, melt temperature at the nozzle should not exceed 230°C. Gate blush and weld-line visibility in unpainted parts are influenced by pigment dispersion; a letdown ratio test on a 25 mm single-screw injection unit is used before production approval.
When TB-03TS is dispersed into PBT at barrel temperatures above 250°C, the organic coating decomposes before the rutile core loses structural integrity. Typical thermogravimetric analysis for surface-treated rutile pigments under nitrogen at 10°C/min shows a mass loss of 0.3–0.5 wt% between 250°C and 350°C; the inorganic alumina/zirconia layer remains stable above 600°C. For TB-03TS, the supplier’s TGA curve should be obtained because published data for this specific grade is limited.
At 270°C melt temperature in ABS, rutile pigment can catalyze chain scission if transition-metal contamination is present. Use of a metal deactivator is recommended in flame-retardant ABS formulations containing brominated additives; TB-03TS should not be combined with fluoride-releasing processing aids because hydrofluoric acid generated at processing temperature etches the silica/alumina surface and increases viscosity. Avoid combination with amine-based additives that can displace the organic surface treatment and promote reagglomeration.
For white PBT compounds evaluated by ISO 1133-1:2022 at 250°C/2.16 kg, melt volume-flow rate retention after 10 min residence is a more sensitive indicator of pigment-induced degradation than initial color. In laboratory mixing, a 3 min hold at 270°C in a torque rheometer can reveal yellowing before production scale-up. If the carrier resin is dried to 0.02 wt% moisture, pigment moisture contributes the majority of volatiles; therefore TB-03TS should be pre-dried if the silo has been opened in humid conditions.
In thermoset powder coatings, TB-03TS is incorporated in a twin-screw extruder at 100–120°C melt temperature. The organic surface treatment reduces pigment agglomeration, but high shear above 120°C can initiate premature cure in epoxy-polyester hybrids if the extruder residence time exceeds 30 s. Sieve analysis of the extruded chip after grinding per ISO 8130-1:2019 indicates dispersion quality before electrostatic spraying.
Titanium dioxide powder is classified under Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, Annex VI as a suspected inhalation carcinogen when supplied as a powder containing 1% or more of particles with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm. TB-03TS should be handled in closed systems or with local exhaust ventilation; workplace exposure should be assessed against national occupational exposure limits. The product contains no intentionally added lead, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, or mercury; compliance with Directive 2011/65/EU, Annex II should be confirmed through lot certification because trace impurity levels depend on ore feedstock.
| Standard or regulation | Designation or clause | Relevance to TB-03TS |
|---|---|---|
| ISO 591-1:2000 | Type R2 | Rutile pigment with TiO₂ content ≥ 92 wt%; TB-03TS nominal value exceeds this threshold. |
| ASTM D476-15 | Type II | Plastic-grade rutile; tinting strength and water-soluble salts criteria apply. |
| REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 | Registration obligations | Importer or manufacturer must maintain registration; pigment trace impurities should be listed in the safety data sheet. |
| CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 | Annex VI | H351 by inhalation for powder; label elements required for bulk shipment. |
| FDA 21 CFR | 178.3297 | Colorants for polymers; use conditions in food-contact polymers must be verified before commercialization. |
Lot-to-lot variation in surface treatment quantity should be monitored by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to confirm the presence of the siloxane and polyol functional groups; significant depletion indicates contamination with untreated base pigment. The manufacturer’s certificate of analysis should be retained for each batch, and incoming inspection should include sieve residue, oil absorption, and moisture because these parameters correlate with extrusion torque and film quality. Sourcing from a different production site or switching to an anatase grade within the same Tianbai designation is not a direct substitution; rheology and weatherability trials must be repeated under the final processing conditions.
