| HS Code | 765161 |
| Product Name | SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution |
| Physical State | Liquid |
| Appearance | Clear to slightly hazy viscous liquid |
| Color | Colorless to pale yellow |
| Odor | Mild characteristic odor |
| Ph | 5.0 - 7.0 |
| Solids Content | 9.0 wt% nominal |
| Viscosity | Approximately 300 - 600 mPa·s at 20°C |
| Specific Gravity | 1.02 |
| Boiling Point | 100°C (212°F) |
| Freezing Point | 0°C (32°F) |
| Water Solubility | Miscible / fully dilutable in water |
| Voc Content | 0% |
As an accredited SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution is packaged in sealed 1,000 kg IBC totes, ensuring safe transport, easy handling, and product integrity. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL loaded with SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution; drums/IBCs securely blocked, sealed, and protected against leakage and contamination. |
| Shipping | SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution ships as a non-hazardous aqueous polymer solution in sealed drums, totes, or ISO containers. Protect from freezing and extreme heat. Store upright, secure loads properly, and avoid leaks. Use standard dry van or container transport with adequate ventilation. |
| Storage | Store SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution in tightly sealed, clearly labeled containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and incompatible materials. Avoid freezing and extreme temperature fluctuations to prevent separation or viscosity changes. Keep containers upright to prevent leakage, and use within the manufacturer’s recommended shelf life to maintain product stability. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is typically one year from manufacture when stored in original unopened containers at recommended temperatures. |
Within corrugated board lamination and paper tube winding adhesives, SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution is introduced as a pre-dissolved, medium-viscosity film former to replace a portion of cooked starch solids or to functionalize dextrin-based formulations. The solution, with nominal solids of 9.0 wt% and Brookfield viscosity of 325 mPa·s at 20 °C, reduces dry dusting and increases initial green tack on clay-coated and recycled linerboard. In a typical corrugated adhesive, addition is 5–20 wt% of the total wet adhesive mass, corresponding to 0.45–1.80 wt% dry PVOH solids in the applied film; tube winding recipes frequently run at the lower end, while heavy lamination grades require the upper end. The adhesive is applied via single-roll or multi-roll coater at 2–5 g/m² dry coat weight, with machine speed 100–300 m/min and compression nip pressure 0.8–1.5 bar depending on board basis weight. Compliance for food packaging use is verified under FDA 21 CFR 175.105 for indirect adhesive contact and, in the EU, Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004; migration testing may follow EN 1186-1 protocols when the board is intended for dry foods. Bond strength is controlled by ASTM D1876 T-peel on laminate strips and ASTM D903 for lap-shear retention after 24 h conditioning at 23 °C and 50 % RH. A known process boundary is borate-induced viscosity rise: formulations containing more than 4 wt% borax on total wet adhesive should be pre-diluted to avoid gel-like flow on the glue roll. Terminal products include corrugated board, spiral-wound paper cores, angle board, and folding carton side seams.
When SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution is used as the primary protective colloid in the semi-batch emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate, the pre-dissolved liquid form eliminates the polymer dissolution step that commonly extends reactor cycle time by 30–60 min. The charge rate is set at 0.5–3.0 wt% PVOH solids on total monomer, with the most frequent operating band between 1.0 wt% and 2.0 wt%; this corresponds to roughly 5.6–33.3 kg of the 9 wt% solids solution per 100 kg vinyl acetate. Polymerization is carried out in a baffled stirred reactor at 60–80 °C, with potassium persulfate or an equivalent persulfate initiator fed over 2–4 h and tip speed maintained at 1.5–3.5 m/s to prevent shear-induced particle coalescence. The resulting poly(vinyl acetate) dispersion is typically 48–55 wt% solids, with Brookfield viscosity governed by ISO 2555 and residual monomer below 0.1 wt% by ISO 13741-1. Food-contact use of the final dispersion as a coating is within the scope of FDA 21 CFR 175.300, while European paper and board applications may require compliance with EU 10/2011 for plastic materials in food contact if the dispersion is used as a non-paper coating layer. Limitations include viscosity drift at high conversion when excess shear reduces colloid coverage; the grade should be paired with a non-borate post-additive to avoid premature collision. Terminal products are woodworking adhesives, paper laminating dispersions, nonwoven binders, and carrier colloids for acrylic co-monomers.
High-speed air-jet weaving imposes cyclic abrasion on warp yarn that a size film must resist without causing reed accumulation. SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution is metered into the size mix at 15–35 wt% of total size solids, typically after the starch component has been cooked and flash-cooled to 80–90 °C; at these addition levels the dry PVOH pickup on yarn is 2.5–6.0 wt% of yarn mass, depending on squeeze roller pressure. The slasher sizing line operates with squeeze pressure 50–120 kN across the roller face, drying zone temperatures of 105–130 °C, and residual size film moisture of 6–8 wt% before weaving. Compliance is normally assessed through ASTM D2256 yarn tensile retention and ASTM D1578 skein breaking strength; for chemical residues, OEKO-TEX ECO PASSPORT or ZDHC MRSL conformance verifies that the sizing chemistry does not interfere with effluent treatment. Weaving performance is field-verified on air-jet looms running 600–900 picks/min; the primary failure mode is size film fragmentation at reed positions, which appears as increased warp stops and is controlled by limiting PVOH solids in the size box to 8.0 wt% maximum to prevent viscosity overcrowding after water evaporation. Terminal products include woven cotton and cotton/polyester apparel fabric, denim, sheeting, and industrial textiles. Published data for this specific pre-dissolved grade in high-speed air-jet weaving is limited; plant trials commonly use the solution as a partial replacement for starch to improve smoothness without altering the desizing protocol.
Control of casting defects in unit-dose films depends on the interaction between PVOH gel point, plasticizer retention, and drying front velocity. SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution is adjusted to a casting solids of 8–15 wt% by dilution or evaporation, with plasticizer addition between 2–5 wt% of dry PVOH for glycerol or sorbitol and surfactant at 0.1–0.5 wt% to control wetting on the belt. The solution is deaerated under vacuum at 20–30 kPa for 15–30 min before coating. It is then cast onto a chromed steel belt or release-coated drum dryer at a doctor gap of 300–700 µm, with circulating air at 85–110 °C and residence time 3–8 min. Residual moisture after casting is controlled to 4–8 wt% because film brittleness increases below 4 wt% and blocking occurs above 8 wt% at 25 °C and 65 % RH. Mechanical properties are evaluated under ISO 527-3 for tensile modulus and ASTM D882 for tensile energy to break. Cold-water disintegration performance is tested using a 1 L magnetic stirrer at 20 °C and 500 rpm, with full dissolution expected within 60–180 s for film thickness of 25–50 µm; however, published data for this specific PVOH solution grade in unit-dose film is limited, so dissolution time must be confirmed on the target packaging line. Compliance for detergent pods is conventionally structured around Regulation (EC) No 648/2004 for detergent safety and EU 10/2011 where the PVOH film is classified as a food-contact material in certain non-detergent applications; ready biodegradability of PVOH can be supported by ISO 14851 or OECD 301B test data. Terminal products include monodose laundry detergent pods, dishwasher tablets, agrochemical water-soluble sachets, and embroidery transfer backing.
| Parameter | Lower setpoint | Upper setpoint | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Casting solids | 8 | 15 | wt% |
| Plasticizer on dry PVOH | 2 | 5 | wt% |
| Doctor gap | 300 | 700 | µm |
| Drying air temperature | 85 | 110 | °C |
| Residual moisture | 4 | 8 | wt% |
| Dry film thickness | 25 | 75 | µm |
On coated paper and board lines, SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution is added at 0.5–1.5 parts dry PVOH solids per 100 parts pigment in blade-coating color or at 0.3–1.0 parts dry PVOH solids per 100 parts dry starch in the surface size press to improve IGT pick strength under ISO 3783 and water repellence under ISO 535; food-contact compliance for paper and board is verified under FDA 21 CFR 176.170 or FDA 21 CFR 176.180, and terminal products include inkjet papers, release liners, folding boxboard, and printed packaging board.
Aqueous tape casting of alumina substrates requires a binder that delivers both green strength and clean thermolysis below the sintering ramp. SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution is dosed at 1–4 wt% dry PVOH solids on dry ceramic powder, equivalent to roughly 11–44 g of the 9 wt% solution per 100 g alumina; the higher end is necessary when green machining is required, while the lower end reduces burnout time for thin 100–200 µm sheets. The slurry is mixed with dispersant and plasticizer in a planetary mill for 12–24 h, deaired under vacuum at 20–30 kPa, and cast through a doctor blade gap of 200–600 µm onto a carrier film at 0.2–1.0 m/min. Drying is performed at 30–60 °C with controlled humidity to avoid skinning; green density and binder distribution are checked by ISO 18754 density and ASTM C1161 flexural strength after burnout. Debinding uses a staged profile with a hold at 200–250 °C for oxidative degradation of the PVOH backbone, followed by a ramp at 0.5 °C/min through 450–500 °C to ensure residual ash below 0.1 wt%; the primary process failure is blistering in laminated multilayer blocks when the debinding ramp exceeds 0.8 °C/min before the pore network becomes open. Compliance in electronic ceramic supply chains frequently includes ISO 9001 process traceability and RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU for fired components intended for electrical and electronic equipment, while sintered substrate quality is assessed by ASTM C373 water absorption and dielectric loss testing. Terminal products include multilayer ceramic capacitors, LTCC substrates, solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte layers, and sensor plates. Published data for this exact pre-dissolved PVOH solution in aqueous alumina tape casting is limited; the above operating windows are derived from general PVOH binder literature and should be verified with the ceramic powder supplier.
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SELVOL Polyvinyl Alcohol 09-325 Solution is an aqueous liquid product in which the non-volatile fraction consists of a fully hydrolyzed, low-molecular-weight polyvinyl alcohol resin belonging to the SELVOL 325 grade. The 09-325 designation denotes a nominal non-volatile solids content of 9.0% by weight, with water comprising the balance. Because the liquid is supplied as a ready-to-use solution, the resin component has already been dissolved and filtered, eliminating the need for high-temperature batch dissolution at the point of use. The active resin, CAS 9002-89-5, is characterized by a degree of hydrolysis of 98.0–98.8 mol% as determined by JIS K6726:1994 and a 4% aqueous solution viscosity at 20°C of 5.0–6.0 mPa·s when measured by glass capillary viscometry according to ISO 3105:1994. The liquid product pH is maintained between 5.0 and 7.0, and the dried resin exhibits volatile matter not exceeding 5.0% and ash, expressed as Na2O, not exceeding 0.5%. The solution is clear to slightly hazy and pale yellow. Viscosity rises as temperature falls, a behavior that must be accounted for when totes are stored in unheated warehouses. The product is used in paper surface sizing, adhesive compounding, emulsion polymerization protective-colloid operations, and textile size formulations where a low-viscosity, fully hydrolyzed PVOH is required without the dust exposure, hydration time, and steam demand associated with powder handling.
The primary differentiator is the molecular weight distribution of the Selvol 325 resin. The dried resin occupies a narrow position below Selvol 350 in the fully hydrolyzed product family. Its 4% solution viscosity of 5.0–6.0 mPa·s at 20°C allows the 9.0% solids liquid to remain pumpable and filterable at ambient temperature, whereas a 9% solution of a higher-molecular-weight resin such as Selvol 350 would generate significantly higher low-shear and high-shear viscosity. That difference is directly relevant in processes where transfer roll film split or blade pressure limits the maximum circulation viscosity. In comparison with Selvol 103, the 325 resin provides a slightly higher degree of chain entanglement, which translates into improved film strength and better resistance to ink pick in paper surface sizing, while still remaining a low-viscosity polymer. Relative to partially hydrolyzed grades such as Selvol 502, the fully hydrolyzed 325 resin exhibits lower cold-water sensitivity and higher ultimate film strength after drying, but less compatibility with certain low-polarity surfactants and less adhesion to hydrophobic substrates. The comparison is summarized in Table 1.
| Resin grade | 4% viscosity at 20°C (mPa·s) | Degree of hydrolysis (mol%) | Typical effect in cast film measured by ISO 527-3:2018 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Selvol 103 | 3.5–4.5 | 98.0–98.8 | Lower tensile strength and lower elongation; minimal viscosity contribution |
| Selvol 325 | 5.0–6.0 | 98.0–98.8 | Balanced low-viscosity handling with improved cohesive film strength |
| Selvol 350 | 12.0–15.0 | 98.0–98.8 | Higher tensile strength and toughness; higher solution viscosity |
| Selvol 502 | 5.0–6.0 | 87.0–89.0 | Partially hydrolyzed; lower moisture resistance and higher surfactant compatibility |
The solution form of 09-325 also removes the hydration bottleneck that occurs when dry Selvol 325 powder is added to water. Powder grades require heating above 80°C for complete dissolution and careful screening to avoid fish-eye formation. The ready-to-use liquid therefore shifts process risk from cooking and filtration to temperature maintenance and biocide management. Mills that do not operate a starch cooker or a PVOH batch dissolution system can meter the solution directly into a size press circulation loop or an adhesive letdown tank, provided the dilution sequence prevents localized high-viscosity slugs.
In metered size press applications on woodfree paper and board, the 09-325 solution is diluted with mill water to a target dry pick-up that is normally set by surface strength and sizing response rather than by recipe. The dilution ratio is calculated from the 9.0% non-volatile solids content and the wet film deposit across the metering nip. Surface strength after drying is evaluated by IGT pick testing in accordance with ISO 3783:2006; an increase in PVOH concentration generally raises surface strength, but the response flattens at high pick-up because the size press film becomes less deformable. Water absorbency is monitored by Cobb testing according to ISO 535:2014. Because the 325 resin is fully hydrolyzed, the dried film retains less cold-water sensitivity than a partially hydrolyzed grade, but the low molecular weight still permits clean reopening of the size press film when wetting solutions are applied. Mills operating blade metering at machine speeds from 600 m/min to 1,200 m/min can use the low-viscosity solution to reduce blade load and misting compared with Selvol 350, although the compensating trade-off is a lower cohesive film strength at equal dry addition. When the paper surface demands higher strength, an insolubilizer such as ammonium zirconium carbonate is commonly introduced at 3–10 wt% on PVOH solids, with the exact ratio determined by wet-pick and Cobb retention limits.
High-shear dispersion is not required for dilution. A low-rpm drum recirculator or a static mixer is sufficient to homogenize the liquid because the resin is already solvated. Foam generation during letdown can be managed with non-silicone defoamers; silicone-based defoamers are generally avoided in size press formulations because they can produce localized surface energy defects. The diluted solution should be metered through a filter of 100–200 µm ahead of the size press to remove tramp fibres and any gel skins that may form in stagnant zones. Filter loading is a useful early indicator of storage or dilution problems; a sudden rise in differential pressure across the filter after a tote change may indicate that the tote has been exposed to freezing or that the material has developed microgel from localized overheating. In such cases, the tote should be quarantined and sampled for pH drift and Brookfield viscosity against the approved reference before it is returned to service.
Incoming QC should not rely solely on non-volatile solids because the solution may show concentration drift through evaporation from open totes or condensation under temperature cycling. The critical parameters are non-volatile content, pH, Brookfield viscosity at 25°C, and visual appearance. Table 2 summarizes the specification envelope and the appropriate test methods.
| Parameter | Test method | Specification or typical value |
|---|---|---|
| Non-volatile solids | ISO 3251:2019 | 9.0 ± 0.5 wt% |
| pH at 25°C | ISO 976:2013 | 5.0–7.0 |
| Brookfield viscosity at 25°C | ISO 2555:2018 | Lot-specific; compare against approved reference and process capability limits |
| Resin 4% viscosity at 20°C | ISO 3105:1994 | 5.0–6.0 mPa·s |
| Resin degree of hydrolysis | JIS K6726:1994 | 98.0–98.8 mol% |
Brookfield viscosity is not mapped to a single universal acceptance range because the solution is shear-thinning and temperature-sensitive. QC laboratories should measure viscosity under identical spindle, speed, temperature, and thermal equilibration conditions, and the acceptance range should be defined by the supplier certificate and the user’s process capability study. A viscosity shift of more than 10–15% from the lot-specific reference, with no change in non-volatile content, may indicate chain degradation, microgel formation, or incomplete thaw recovery after cold exposure. Dilute PVOH solutions are susceptible to microbial degradation; pH drift and odour are often observed before visible turbidity. Operators should record the tote number, date of opening, and cumulative exposure time to ambient air. For applications governed by food-contact regulations, the user must verify that the final article meets FDA 21 CFR 176.170 and 176.180 for paper and paperboard contact, or the applicable regional standard; compliance should be confirmed on the finished article rather than on the PVOH solution alone because the insolubilizer, pigment system, and furnish affect the final extractive profile.
The 09-325 solution contains pendant hydroxyl groups that can form reversible didiol complexes with boric acid and borate salts. At pH above 8.0 and at localized borate concentrations above roughly 0.5 wt%, gel domains can form rapidly. Once formed, these domains are difficult to redisperse without heating above 70°C and applying sustained low-shear mixing. Production lines using borate-tackified adhesive formulations should predilute the borate stream to below 1 wt% and inject it downstream of an in-line static mixer after the 09-325 solution has reached its target dilution. A rotor-stator mixer is not recommended for initial letdown because high shear in the transition zone can intensify gel particle formation rather than eliminate it. If titanate crosslinkers are used to build water resistance in coating or sizing formulations, the pH should be maintained below 6.5 during addition, and the pot life should be monitored by Brookfield viscosity according to ISO 2555:2018. The acceptable viscosity drift should be established by application-specific process capability because crosslinker response varies with pH, temperature, solids, and the presence of starch or other cothickeners. Pressure relief and line flushing protocols must account for the fact that crosslinked PVOH gel can accumulate in dead legs and at gasket faces; once dried, these deposits become hard and are removed only with hot water and mechanical cleaning.
When formulated into water-based paper and packaging adhesives, the 09-325 solution contributes wet tack, controlled redispersibility, and moderate heat resistance after drying. Because the resin is fully hydrolyzed, dried films are less sensitive to cold-water redispersion than partially hydrolyzed SELVOL 502 films; however, the low molecular weight of the 325 resin limits ultimate tensile strength compared with SELVOL 350. In adhesive compounding, the 9.0% solids liquid can be blended with plasticizers such as glycerol or sorbitol to adjust open time, but plasticizer addition above 10 wt% on PVOH solids reduces tensile strength as measured on cast films according to ISO 527-3:2018. Published data for this specific ready-to-use solution in high-speed packaging lines is limited; formulators should conduct pilot-scale trials rather than rely solely on resin-grade data, particularly when the adhesive is applied by transfer roller or slot die. In remoistenable adhesive applications, the dried film can be reactivated with warm water at 60–80°C, though complete dissolution requires sufficient residence time and mechanical action. The low-viscosity profile permits higher solids in adhesive formulations than would be possible with Selvol 350, but cohesive strength and creep resistance at elevated temperature are proportionally reduced.
Store 09-325 solution at 5–35°C in sealed HDPE, fiber-reinforced plastic, or stainless steel totes. Freezing is the primary operational boundary; frozen material may form gel phases, and even one freeze-thaw cycle is not guaranteed to recover homogeneous viscosity and filtration performance. If freezing occurs, thaw at 20–25°C and mix with low-shear agitation for at least 2 hours; direct steam injection is not recommended because localized overheating above 80°C can degrade the PVOH chain and produce irreversible viscosity loss. Dilution should be performed by metering the solution into a stirred water phase rather than dumping water into the solution; this sequence prevents the formation of high-viscosity slugs that can overload recirculation pumps. For preservation during extended storage beyond 48 hours in open systems, a product-compatible biocide should be added under the supplier’s recommendation; unpreserved dilute PVOH solutions can support microbial growth, resulting in pH drift, odour, and filtration plugging. The product is not compatible with concentrated strong acids, strong oxidizing agents, or borate salts; spills should be contained and rinsed with warm water before the film dries to a hard deposit.
