| HS Code | 920652 |
| Brand | Hydetech |
| Model | 4088 |
| Product Type | Digital Thermo-Hygrometer |
| Temperature Range | -50 to 70 °C / -58 to 158 °F |
| Temperature Resolution | 0.1 °C / 0.1 °F |
| Temperature Accuracy | ±1 °C (0 to 40 °C); ±2 °C otherwise |
| Humidity Range | 10 to 95 % RH |
| Humidity Resolution | 0.1 % RH |
| Humidity Accuracy | ±3 %RH (10 to 90 %RH); ±5 %RH otherwise |
| Dew Point Range | -50 to 70 °C |
| Wet Bulb Range | -20 to 70 °C |
| Display Type | LCD |
| Power Source | 9V battery |
| Dimensions | 138 × 64 × 30 mm |
| Weight | 135 g |
As an accredited hydetech 4088 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Hydetech 4088 is supplied in 25 kg sealed plastic pails, each labeled with product name, hazards, and handling instructions. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Hydetech 4088 is packed in a 20′ FCL, with drums/pallets secured to prevent shifting, kept dry, ventilated, and away from heat. |
| Shipping | Hydetech 4088 ships in sealed, leak-proof containers, protected from moisture and damage. Transport via ground freight only; avoid air and extreme heat. Ensure containers are upright, clearly labeled, and secured against shifting. Consult SDS for specific handling and regulatory compliance. Delivery typically within 3–5 business days, depending on destination. |
| Storage | Store Hydetech 4088 in its original, tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and incompatible materials. Maintain temperatures according to the manufacturer’s SDS, protect from moisture and physical damage, and use secondary containment to manage spills. Keep the storage area clearly labeled, secure, and accessible only to trained personnel. |
| Shelf Life | Hydetech 4088 remains stable for 12 months when stored sealed in original container under cool, dry conditions. |
Hydetech 4088 is treated as a C9 aromatic hydrocarbon resin with a ring-and-ball softening point in the 100–110°C class when measured by ASTM E28. In carton closing and bookbinding lines, the resin is compounded into ethylene-vinyl acetate adhesive based on a 28 wt% vinyl acetate copolymer with a melt flow rate of 25 g/10 min measured under ISO 1133-1:2022 at 190°C and 2.16 kg load. Resin loading is maintained between 35 wt% and 45 wt%, while Fischer-Tropsch wax is reduced from 20 wt% to 10 wt% as the resin fraction increases. The resulting Brookfield viscosity at 180°C, recorded on a DV-III Ultra rheometer with Thermosel and spindle 27 according to ASTM D3236, falls between 1,800 mPa·s and 3,900 mPa·s. Slot-die application is conducted at 165–175°C with a die-to-substrate gap of 0.20 mm and line speed of 80–150 m/min on corrugated board. Lower resin addition at 35 wt% extends open time to 5–7 s on 40 lb kraft paper at 20°C and 50% RH, while the 45 wt% formulation reduces open time to 2–3 s and improves fibre-tear adhesion on medium-flute board. A production-scale 35 mm co-rotating twin-screw extruder with L/D 36 and strand pelletising is used for compounding. Barrel zones are set at 150°C, 160°C, 165°C, 170°C, and 175°C from feed to die. Thermal exposure above 180°C for more than 24 h in the coating reservoir raises Gardner colour from 9 to 12 when measured as a 50 wt% toluene solution by ASTM D1544, which limits use in clear label applications. For food-packaging adhesives, the formulated adhesive must comply with 21 CFR 175.105 and, where the adhesive becomes a functional barrier component, 21 CFR 176.170 or 21 CFR 176.180 as applicable.
| Resin loading (wt%) | Wax loading (wt%) | Brookfield viscosity at 180°C (mPa·s, ASTM D3236) | SAFT (°C, ASTM D4498) | T-peel on aluminium foil laminate (N/mm, ASTM D1876) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 35 | 20 | 1,850 | 72 | 2.8 |
| 40 | 15 | 2,600 | 78 | 3.2 |
| 45 | 10 | 3,750 | 84 | 3.6 |
The screening values in the table are representative of C9 aromatic resin grades in the 100–110°C softening-point class and require plant validation for the specific hydetech 4088 batch. Continued heating above 175°C favours oxidative colour body formation, so nitrogen blanketing of the hot-melt reservoir and residence time below 8 h are advised on high-speed packaging lines.
The behaviour of hydetech 4088 in SIS-based solventless hot-melt pressure-sensitive adhesives is dominated by selective association with the polyisoprene midblock and by the aromaticity of the C9 resin structure. A starting formulation uses 100 phr styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer with styrene content of 22 wt% and diblock content below 20 wt%, 50–60 phr hydetech 4088, 5–10 phr white mineral oil, and 1 phr hindered phenol antioxidant. The mixture is compounded in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder and applied at 15–25 g/m² coating weight on biaxially oriented polypropylene film via slot-die transfer coating at 160–175°C. Loop tack measured on stainless steel by PSTC-16 is typically 3.0–4.5 N/25 mm, while 180° peel adhesion by PSTC-101 is 4.0–8.0 N/25 mm after a 24 h dwell at 23°C and 50% RH. Increasing resin loading from 50 phr to 60 phr raises peel adhesion by approximately 15–20% but reduces static shear on stainless steel by 30% when tested with a 1 kg load at 60°C according to PSTC-107. The practical loading ceiling for hydetech 4088 in this system is 60 phr; above this level, block copolymer phase separation is compromised and cohesive failure occurs. Aliphatic processing oils above 10 phr produce cloudiness and bleeding because the aromatic resin and paraffinic oil exhibit limited mutual solubility. Coating line speed is maintained at 80–120 m/min on a 600 mm slot-die line, and aged rolls are conditioned at 40°C for 7 days before release force testing on silicone-coated kraft liner. Failure modes reported on production lines include die lip build-up when the adhesive is held above 175°C and transfer coating chatter below 150°C due to viscosity above 12,000 mPa·s. End products include carton sealing tapes, label stocks, hygiene construction adhesives, and low-noise microplate tapes.
In tyre inner liner and conveyor belt skim compounds, hydetech 4088 is added at 3–10 phr to improve building tack during hand lay-up and to reduce compound memory at calender nip temperatures. Mixing is performed in a 270 L intermeshing internal mixer with rotor speed of 35–45 rpm and discharge temperature controlled at 140–150°C. The resin is introduced after carbon black and processing oil to avoid excessive dispersion energy. On a two-roll mill at 50–60°C, the resin softens sufficiently to disperse but does not cause band sticking at feed bank temperatures below 70°C. Uncured tack is measured with a Tel-Tak probe; target values for hand lay-up are 14–18 instrument units, corresponding to approximately 3–5 N/25 mm in a laboratory peel test on milled sheet. Sulfur cure in a moving die rheometer at 150°C according to ISO 6502 shows t90 between 8.0 min and 8.5 min for a base compound, with a 0.2–0.5 min extension at 10 phr resin loading. This shift is consistent with mild acidic species introduced by the resin; neutralisation by 3 phr zinc oxide and 2 phr stearic acid maintains cure uniformity. Vulcanizate tensile strength measured by ISO 37 declines from 17.5 MPa at 3 phr resin to 14.5 MPa at 10 phr, while tear strength by ISO 34-1 Method B drops from 68 kN/m to 52 kN/m. Therefore, 10 phr is reserved for compounds requiring maximum building tack but not high tear resistance. The critical processing boundary is feed mill temperature: below 50°C the resin disperses as hard flakes, above 70°C it melts into a continuous film on the mill roll and causes stock splitting.
| Resin loading (phr) | ML(1+4) at 125°C (ASTM D1646) | Tel-Tak tack index | Tensile strength (MPa, ISO 37) | Elongation at break (%, ISO 37) | Tear strength (kN/m, ISO 34-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 48 | 15 | 18.2 | 520 | 70 |
| 3 | 46 | 19 | 17.5 | 510 | 68 |
| 7 | 44 | 22 | 15.9 | 480 | 60 |
| 10 | 43 | 24 | 14.5 | 450 | 52 |
The table shows a systematic loss of tensile and tear properties as resin loading increases, while tack index and processability improve. End products include radial tyre inner liners, sidewall veneer, conveyor belt covers, and hose wrap compounds.
In sheet-fed offset and heat-set web offset ink varnishes, hydetech 4088 is blended with rosin-modified phenolic resin and linseed oil alkyd at 10–20 wt% of total varnish solids. The resin is dissolved in low-viscosity mineral distillate with a kauri-butanol value of 30–35 by ASTM D1133 at 120–150°C under inert gas to prevent oxidation. The varnish is then dispersed with carbon black in a high-speed disperser at 15–20 m/s tip speed for 20 min and milled on a three-roll mill at 25–30°C to a Hegman grind gauge fineness of 7–8 µm. Tack is measured on an Inkometer at 800 rpm and 32°C; resin addition raises tack from 14 to 18–22 units for black offset ink and reduces misting at press speeds up to 12,000 impressions/h. Solubility in linseed oil and mineral distillate remains clear at 25°C above 10 wt% resin; below 5 wt% there is no measurable softening-point elevation. The working limit is Gardner colour: the resin has a Gardner colour of 8–10 as a 50 wt% toluene solution by ASTM D1544, so it is restricted to black and dark-colour inks, carton inks, and packaging gravure vehicles. Yellow process inks and white opaque inks are not recommended because colour drift exceeds 2 ΔE when exposed to 7 days at 60°C. End products include sheet-fed black ink, heat-set web offset black ink, and solvent-based gravure printing inks for kraft paper and aluminium foil packaging.
For airless spray road-marking equipment operating at 1,500–2,500 psi, alkyd-based formulations incorporate hydetech 4088 at 5–15 wt% of total binder solids to raise softening point and reduce early dirt pick-up. The formulation is prepared by high-speed dispersion of titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, and long-oil alkyd in mineral spirits at 3,000 rpm for 15 min, followed by let-down with hydetech 4088 predissolved at 60 wt% in mineral spirits. Viscosity is adjusted to 65–75 KU at 25°C on a Krebs viscometer according to ASTM D562. Drying time at 23°C and 50% RH is 10–15 min for no-pick-up, while early water resistance is improved when the resin displaces 10% of long-oil alkyd. Yellow and white formulations are tinted with lead-free pigments and must meet ASTM D4797 chemical resistance requirements after 24 h immersion in 0.2 M calcium chloride. The aromatic resin contributes to dry film hardness of 80–85 Shore D by ASTM D2240 but reduces flexibility. Cold-crack resistance is evaluated by film cracking after 10 cycles between -10°C and 20°C; published data for this specific formulation is limited and requires plant validation. Hydetech 4088 is not suitable for waterborne acrylic traffic paints because aromatic C9 resins do not form stable aqueous dispersions. End products include solvent-based white and yellow traffic marking paints, parking lot demarcation coatings, and anti-skid pavement paints.
In polymer-modified bitumen membranes, hydetech 4088 is compounded into oxidized bitumen at 3–8 wt% to elevate the softening point and reduce flow at service temperatures. Blending is performed in a heated vertical mixer at 170–190°C with styrene-butadiene-styrene polymer, atactic polypropylene, and limestone filler. The melt is calendered onto polyester or fibreglass mat at 1.0–2.0 mm thickness. Ring-and-ball softening point of the bitumen compound increases by approximately 5–10°C at 5 wt% loading when tested by ASTM D36. Low-temperature flexibility is measured by mandrel bend at -5°C to -10°C; loadings above 8 wt% produce cracking because the rigid aromatic resin raises the glass transition temperature. Heat resistance is tested by gravimetric flow at 70°C for 2 h; maximum acceptable flow is 2 mm. The resin improves filler wetting and reduces mixing torque in a 1,000 L paddle mixer, though published data for hydetech 4088 in this specific membrane configuration is limited. Processing temperature must not exceed 200°C for more than 2 h to avoid thermal condensation and odour generation. End products include torch-applied SBS-modified bitumen membranes, self-adhesive base sheets, and bituminous mastic compounds for plaza decks.
In solvent-borne anti-corrosion alkyd primers, hydetech 4088 is used at 3–7 wt% of total binder solids to accelerate hard dry and to improve water resistance over steel substrates. The resin is introduced as a 50 wt% solution in mineral spirits during the let-down phase after pigment grinding with zinc phosphate and calcium silicate. Formulation viscosity is adjusted to 85–95 KU at 25°C by ASTM D562 and spray-applied with a conventional air-assisted airless unit set at 90–120 bar. Dry film thickness is controlled at 60–80 µm. Hard dry time at 23°C and 50% RH is reduced from 8 h to 5 h when 5 wt% resin replaces an equivalent portion of medium-oil alkyd. Comparative salt spray testing by ISO 9227 is required for each batch because the aromatic resin affects barrier properties; published data for hydetech 4088 in this specific primer configuration is limited. The aromatic resin reduces alkali resistance compared with unmodified alkyd, so the primer is limited to atmospheric service rather than chemical immersion. End products include steel structure shop primers, alkyd zinc phosphate primers, and high-solids maintenance topcoats for inland atmospheric exposure.
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Supplier technical documentation identifies Hydetech 4088 as a phosphorus–nitrogen intumescent flame retardant supplied for polyolefin extrusion and injection moulding. The grade is a white free-flowing powder with a typical phosphorus content of 19.0–21.0 wt% and nitrogen content of 18.0–20.0 wt%. Moisture content, determined by ISO 15512:2019, is controlled to ≤0.50 wt%. Bulk density by ISO 60:1977 is 0.55–0.75 g/cm³; specific gravity by ISO 1183-1:2019 is 1.80–1.90. The D50 particle size by laser diffraction under ISO 13320:2020 is 10–15 µm. The pH of a 10 wt% aqueous suspension is 5.5–7.5 when tested by ISO 787-9:2019. Differential scanning calorimetry under ISO 11357-1:2016 indicates a decomposition-related exotherm above 265 °C; the 5% mass-loss temperature by ISO 11358-1:2014 is 265–275 °C under nitrogen at 10 K/min. Batch-specific values on the certificate of analysis take precedence over these typical ranges.
On a ZSK 40 twin-screw extruder with L/D 52 and a side feeder at barrel section 6, Hydetech 4088 is metered at 25 wt% into a polypropylene homopolymer with a melt flow rate of 8 g/10 min at 230 °C/2.16 kg. The barrel profile from feed to die is set between 180 °C and 210 °C, with a die temperature of 190–200 °C and screw speed of 200–250 min⁻¹. Vacuum devolatilisation at -0.08 MPa is applied at the penultimate barrel. Under these conditions, strand surface roughness and screw torque peaks arise when the melt temperature exceeds 215 °C; the cause is premature condensation of the intumescent precursor rather than resin thermal cracking. The compounded pellets retain UL 94 V-0 at 1.6 mm after injection moulding at a barrel temperature of 190–200 °C and mould temperature of 70 °C. Tensile strength measured by ASTM D638-14 decreases from 33 MPa for the unfilled resin to 25 MPa at 25 wt% addition; flexural modulus by ISO 178:2019 increases from 1,450 MPa to 1,750 MPa. Oscillatory shear at 190 °C shows complex viscosity at 0.1 rad/s increases from 4,500 Pa·s to 12,000 Pa·s for the 25 wt% compound, while at 100 rad/s the increase is from 320 Pa·s to 650 Pa·s. The shear-thinning exponent of 0.55 requires larger gate dimensions than unfilled polypropylene to maintain acceptable filling pressure.
Pre-drying of the additive is required when storage relative humidity exceeds 60%. The powder is dried at 90–105 °C for 4–6 h in a desiccant-air hopper dryer with a dew point below -30 °C. Residual moisture above 0.30 wt% produces surface splay in strands, lowers the limiting oxygen index by 1–2 units under ISO 4589-2:2017, and increases screw torque on a 40 mm laboratory twin-screw machine. Drying temperature above 110 °C is avoided because particle fusing begins near 120 °C and may block the hopper slide-gate.
Thermogravimetric analysis under ISO 11358-1:2014 at a heating rate of 10 K/min in nitrogen shows 5% mass loss at 265–275 °C, 50% mass loss at 410 °C, and a residual char of 25 wt% at 700 °C. The residue is a phosphorus-rich intumescent char and is not simply ash from inorganic filler. Cone calorimetry on a 3.0 mm compression-moulded plaque containing 28 wt% Hydetech 4088 in a copolymer polypropylene matrix yields a peak heat release rate of 210 kW/m² and total smoke release of 1,200 m²/m² over 600 s under ISO 5660-1:2015 at 50 kW/m² irradiance. The char yield after cone calorimetry is 27 wt%. Heat-release suppression is attributed to the formation of a viscous phosphorus–oxynitride layer with crosslinked aromatic structures that reduces mass transport of fuel to the flame zone. The data are representative of laboratory plaques; published data for this commercial grade at higher thicknesses are limited.
For formulation development in polypropylene homopolymer, a systematic loading gradient was evaluated at constant processing conditions. The values in the table are obtained from injection-moulded test specimens and are not extrapolated from small-scale powder tests.
| Hydetech 4088 loading (wt%) | UL 94 rating at 1.6 mm | Tensile strength (MPa, ASTM D638-14) | Flexural modulus (MPa, ISO 178:2019) | LOI (%, ISO 4589-2:2017) | MFR (g/10 min, ISO 1133-1:2022) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | HB | 33 | 1,450 | 17.5 | 8.0 |
| 20 | V-2 | 27 | 1,650 | 24.0 | 6.5 |
| 25 | V-0 | 25 | 1,750 | 27.0 | 5.2 |
| 28 | V-0 | 23 | 1,810 | 29.0 | 4.1 |
| 30 | V-0 | 22 | 1,850 | 30.5 | 3.5 |
Post-industrial run data from a 75-ton injection moulding machine with a hot-runner system show that 25 wt% Hydetech 4088 increases peak injection pressure from 85 MPa to 110 MPa at the same fill time. Screw recovery time increases by 15–20% because of higher compound viscosity. The nozzle melt temperature must remain at or below 210 °C to prevent pre-foaming and screw torque alarms observed above 85 N·m on a 50 mm single-screw machine. Mould deposit formation on textured surfaces increases after 8 h of continuous running; cleaning with a dry-ice blast system restores surface gloss without altering mould release.
Comparison with a conventional brominated polystyrene/antimony trioxide system in polypropylene at equal UL 94 V-0 performance in 3.2 mm plaques reveals that the brominated system is typically loaded at 15–20 wt% active content, while Hydetech 4088 requires 25–30 wt%. The halogen-free grade reduces peak smoke production rate by 40–60% in cone calorimetry under ISO 5660-1:2015 but increases compound melt viscosity and moisture sensitivity. The intumescent mechanism creates a sealing char that reduces dripping without antimony trioxide; the brominated system relies on gas-phase radical scavenging and antimony halide chemistry. For products requiring low smoke and no halogenated flame retardant, Hydetech 4088 is substituted at the expense of higher loading and some loss in tensile elongation. The additive should not be combined with amine-based stabilisers in the same formulation because amine species accelerate premature crosslinking of the intumescent precursor at melt temperatures above 190 °C. Halogen content testing under IEC 61249-2-21:2003 is therefore relevant only when Hydetech 4088 is used in assemblies with externally sourced brominated parts.
On a Buss MX 46 continuous kneader processing ethylene-vinyl acetate with 33 wt% vinyl acetate, replacement of 55 wt% magnesium hydroxide with 35 wt% Hydetech 4088 lowers compound density from 1.45 g/cm³ to 1.18 g/cm³ and reduces compound viscosity at 100 s⁻¹. The resulting compound passes IEC 60332-1-2:2015 single-wire vertical flame propagation at 3.0 mm insulation thickness and achieves a limiting oxygen index of 29% under ISO 4589-2:2017. Elongation at break measured by ISO 527-2:2012 is 180%, compared with 350% for the unfilled EVA and 200% for the magnesium hydroxide-filled control. The lower loading improves cable flexibility but increases water absorption of the insulation to 0.8% after 24 h immersion; the magnesium hydroxide control shows 0.3%. Processing on a single-screw cable line requires a screw with a barrier flight and a compression ratio of 2.5:1 to prevent surging; published data for this specific configuration are limited to laboratory kneader runs.
A compliance matrix is maintained for customers in the electrical and electronic equipment sector. The table below lists the framework, designation, and the basis of the supplier declaration; it does not replace the final article certificate.
| Framework | Designation/standard | Supplier declaration basis |
|---|---|---|
| EU chemicals regulation | REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 | No SVHC above 0.1 wt% in the supplied powder |
| Hazardous substances in EEE | RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU Annex II | Restricted substances not intentionally added |
| Halogen content | IEC 61249-2-21:2003 | Bromine <900 ppm, chlorine <900 ppm, total halogens <1,500 ppm |
| Waste EEE | WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU | No listed controlled substance above threshold |
| Smoke production | ISO 5660-1:2015 | Peak smoke production rate lower than brominated control |
| Oxygen index | ISO 4589-2:2017 | 27–30% at 25–30 wt% loading |
Operational boundaries are explicit. The powder is not compatible with amine-based additives, nor with strong acid catalysts that degrade the phosphorus–nitrogen char precursor before combustion. Storage must be in sealed packaging at 20–30 °C and below 50% relative humidity; open bags should be consumed within 24 h or re-dried. For compounds requiring UL 94 V-0 below 1.0 mm, the supplier recommends preliminary compounding trials because the intumescent loading may exceed the practical level for thin-wall injection moulding. The data above are based on standard laboratory specimens and production-scale equipment; end-use certification remains the responsibility of the compounder or final article manufacturer.
